Mercedes 15/70/100 PS
The Mercedes 15/70/100 PS was a large automobile introduced by Daimler in 1924. Production continued till 1929 by which time Daimler had merged with Benz & Cie as a result of which the car's name had changed to Mercedes-Benz Typ 400.
A defining feature of the car was the switchable supercharger (âKompressorâ) fitted to the engine.
Origins
Plans for the car were drawn up by the company's Technical Director, Paul Daimler, son of the company's founder. Following an acrimonious disagreement about new model policy, Daimler left in 1922, transferring to rival manufacturer Horch. It was left to Daimler's successor as Technical Director to complete the development and handle the launch of the 15/70/100 PS. The strategy for the model's development appears to have been similar under both men, however, based on the company's successful racing cars, and using knowledge gained on the race track to develop a large fast road car.Naming conventions and horsepower
Daimler had been branding their passenger cars with the "Mercedes" name since 1902. For their model names at this time the manufacturer applied the widely followed German naming conventions of the time. On Daimler's Mercedes 15/70/100 PS the â15â defined the car's tax horsepower, used by the authorities to determine the level of annual car tax to be imposed on car owners. The â70â and the â100â both defined the manufacturer's claims regarding car's actual power output as defined in metric horsepower.In Germany tax horsepower, which had been defined by statute since 1906, was based on the dimensions of the cylinders in the engine. Unlike the systems used elsewhere in Europe, the German tax horsepower calculation took account both of the cylinder bore and of the cylinder stroke, and there was therefore a direct linear relationship between engine size and tax horsepower.
The unusual feature in the naming of this car was the inclusion of two different power output figures. This arose from the fitting to the engine of a switchable supercharger (âKompressorâ). With the device switched off maximum claimed output was of. With the supercharger invoked, maximum output rose to.
The Mercedes 15/70/100 PS survived the fusion of Daimler with Benz & Cie which came into effect in 1926. However, cars of the newly merged company were now branded âMercedes-Benzâ and the model also acquired the new model name âTyp 400â, being now known as the Mercedes-Benz Typ 400 The alternative name Mercedes-Benz 15/70/100 PS was and is also sometimes used.
The car
Bodies
Many buyers will have purchased the car in bare chassis form and purchased bodywork separately from an independent coach builder. The manufacturer's listed body types were a four or six seater Torpedo bodied âTourenwagenâ, a six-seater âPullman-Limousineâ, a six-seater âLandauletâ, a six-seater âCoupe-Limousineâ and a 4-door four seater Cabriolet.The engine
The six cylinder in-line 3920 cc engine featured an overhead camshaft which at the time was an unusual feature, with âbevel linkageâ. However, it was the switchable supercharger (âKompressorâ), adopted from the company's racing cars, that attracted most of the attention. With the device switched off maximum claimed output was of at 3,100 rpm: with the supercharger operating, maximum output rose to.The top speed listed was 105 km/h or 112 km/h according to which of the two offered final drive ratios was fitted.
Chassis and running gear
Power was transmitted to the rear wheels via a multi-plate dry disc clutch and a four speed manual transmission. The gear lever was initially to the driver's right, directly outside the door, but at some stage it was repositioned to what has subsequently become a more conventional location in the middle of the floor to the driver's left.The suspension configuration followed the conventions of the time, using rigid beam axles and semi-elliptic leaf springs. Braking operated on all four wheels using a cable linkage.
Evolution
The car changed very little during its production life. The name change to Mercedes-Benz Typ 400 which followed the Daimler/Benz fusion was not accompanied by any changes to the car. However, in 1927 the centre of gravity was lowered as a result of a switch to an âunderslungâ chassis which left the axles directly above the longitudinal chassis members, whereas earlier car had applied the âHochbettâ overslung chassis layout whereby the longitudinal chassis members were attached directly above the axles.In 1928 the effectiveness of the brakes was increased through the addition of a vacuum powered support.