Medulli
The Medulli were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the upper valley of Maurienne, around present-day Modane, during the Iron Age and Roman period.
Name
They are named as Medulli by Vitruvius, Médulloi by Strabo, Medulli by Pliny, and as Medoúllous by Ptolemy.The ethnonym Medulli is a latinized form of Gaulish Medulloi. It is generally derived from the Celtic root medu-, meaning 'mead, alcoholic drink', and thus may be translated as 'those who drink mead' or 'those inebriated by mead'. This interpretation is encouraged by the mention, in Vitruvius' De architectura, of a "kind of water" drunk by the Medulli. Alternatively, Javier de Hoz has proposed to interpret the name as 'those who lived in the middle', or 'in the border woods', by connecting it to the stem *medhi-.
Geography
The Medulli dwelled in the upper Maurienne valley, along the upper course of the Arc river, near the modern town of Modane. Their territory was located east of the Graioceli, north of the Brigianii and Quariates, west of the Segusini, and south of the Ceutrones.They belonged to the tribes governed by Cottius in Alpes Taurinae and were later integrated into the province of Alpes Cottiae.
History
They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the Tropaeum Alpium. They also appear on the Arch of Susa, erected by Cottius in 9–8 BC.According to Vitruvius, they were particularly prone to suffer from goitre.