Matilde Serao


[image:Picture of Matilde Serao.jpg|thumb|Matilde Serao, by "Rossi"]
Matilde Serao was an Italian journalist and novelist. She was the first woman called to edit an Italian newspaper, Il Corriere di Roma and later Il Giorno. Serao was also the co-founder and editor of the newspaper Il Mattino, and the author of several novels. She never won the Nobel Prize in Literature despite being nominated on six occasions.

Biography

Image:Palamas Serao House.jpg|thumb|left|The house in Patras where Matilde Serao and Kostis Palamas were born
Serao was born in the Greek city of Patras to an Italian father, Francesco Serao, and a Greek mother, Paolina Borely. Her father, a Neapolitan journalist, had emigrated to Greece from Naples for political reasons.
In 1860 the family moved back to Italy, first to Carinola and then to Naples. Serao grew up in poverty and worked as a schoolmistress, an experience later described in the preface to a book of short stories called Leggende Napolitane. She first gained notoriety after publishing her short stories in Il Piccolo, a newspaper edited by Rocco de Zerbi and her first novel, Fantasia, which established her as an author capable of writing with sentiment and analytical subtleties.
She spent the years between 1880 and 1886 in Rome, where she wrote her next five volumes of short stories and novels, all dealing with the struggles of ordinary people, and distinguished by great accuracy of observation and depth of insight: Cuore infermo, Fior di passione, La conquista di Roma, La Virtù di checchina, and Piccole anime.
With her husband, Edoardo Scarfoglio, she founded Il Corriere di Roma, the first Italian attempt to model a daily journal along the lines of the Parisian press. The paper was short lived, and after its demise Serao established herself in Naples where she edited Il Corriere di Napoli. In 1892 she co-founded Il Mattino with her husband, which became the most important and most widely read daily paper of southern Italy. She established and ran her own newspaper, "Il Giorno" in 1904 until her death. The stress of a journalistic career in no way limited her literary activity; between 1890 and 1902 she produced Il paese di cuccagna, Il ventre di Napoli, Addio amore, All'erta sentinella, Castigo, La ballerina, Suor Giovanna della Croce, Paese di Gesù, novels in which the character of the people is rendered with sensitive power and sympathetic breadth of spirit. Most of these have been translated into English. The late nineteenth century English novelist George Gissing read three of her works in the original Italian between November 1894 and early January 1895, namely "Gli Amanti", "Cuore Infermo" and "Fantasia".
Serao was a signatory of the 1925 Manifesto of the Anti-Fascist Intellectuals. She was one of the contributors of the Fascist women's magazine, Lidel.
She died in 1927 in Naples.

Publications

Novels and novellas

Cuore infermo Fantasia Pagina azzurra La virtù di Checchina Il ventre di Napoli La conquista di Roma Le vie dolorose Il romanzo della fanciulla Vita e avventure di Riccardo Joanna Fior di passione Addio, amore! Il paese di cuccagna Piccolo romanzo Castigo Gli amanti. Pastelli Le Marie L'indifferente L'infedele Donna Paola Nel sogno Nel paese di Gesù. Ricordi di un viaggio in Palestina Storia di una monaca La ballerina Come un fiore Saper vivere. Norme di buona creanza L'anima semplice. Suor Giovanna della Croce La Madonna e i santi. Nella fede e nella vita Storia di due anime Tre donne Dopo il perdono Sterminator Vesevo. Diario dell'eruzione aprile 1906 Il giornale La leggenda di Napoli Sognando Evviva la vita! Cristina I capelli di Sansone San Gennaro nella leggenda e nella vita Il pellegrino appassionato La mano tagliata Ella non rispose Parla una donna. Diario femminile di guerra, maggio 1915-marzo 1916 Temi il leone La vita è così lunga! La moglie di un grand'uomo, ed altre novelle scelte Mors tua.... Romanzo in tre giornate Via delle cinque lune L'occhio di Napoli I mosconi
  • ''L'ebbrezza, il servaggio e la morte''

Short story collections

Dal vero Raccolta minima Leggende napoletane Piccole anime Racconti napoletani Le amanti
  • ''Novelle sentimentali''

Essays

L'anima dei fiori
  • ''Santa Teresa''

Other writings

L'Italia a Bologna. Lettere Lettere d'amore. Il perché della morte Lettere d'una viaggiatrice
  • ''Vita e scuola. Libro per la quarta classe elementare''

Works in English translation

Fantasy Farewell Love The Ballet Dancer and On Guard In the Country of Jesus The Land of Cockayne The Conquest of Rome After the Pardon The Desire of Life Souls Divided The Severed Hand The Harvest
  • ''Heart Conditions''