Mahmoud Guinia
Mahmoud Guinia was a Moroccan Gnawa musician, singer and guembri player, who was traditionally regarded as a Maâllem, i.e. master. The family name is Gania, which also was the spelling in the passport of the artist.
He recorded for both domestic and foreign labels, and collaborated with numerous western musicians.
Life
Mahmoud Gania was born in 1951 in the city Essaouira on the Atlantic coast. He was the second son of the master of Gnawa music, Maâllem Boubker Gania and the famous clairvoyant and "moqaddema" A'isha Qabral. His brother Mokhtar Gania - as well as his late brothers Abdellah Gania and Bilal "Lahcen Zitoune"- is a gnawa Maâllem too, and their sister Zaida Gania - and the late Jmeia Gania - is another moqqaddema. Mahmoud Guinia was married to Mallika Al Machhour from Marrakech, with whom he had two sons and a daughter.His family of both the father's and mother's sides came from present day Mali, as well as Mauritania. They were employed as soldiers in the sultan's army and did not descend from slaves like so many others. They are regarded as the main representatives for the style of Essaouira, the Saouiri style.
Maâlem Mahmoud Gania died after a lengthy illness on 2 August 2015.
His sons continue the tradition of the Saouiri style, notably Maâllem Houssam Guinia the youngest son, who is a rising star. His oldest son, Hamza Gania is a dancer and krakeb & tebel player and works as a civil servant in Essaouira, while his daughter, Bouchra Gania is a student.
Works
Mahmoud Guinia released numerous recordings, which not all have been well documented. In the 1970s Moroccan music label Fikriphone released records of both live Lila ceremonies and studio sessions. In the following decades it was followed by Tichkaphone, whose materials were distributed in France by Sonodisc, and Agadir's La Voix El Maarif. There are also many cassettes released in Morocco.The most famous western release, The Trance Of Seven Colors, was co-produced by Bill Laswell and Eric Rosenzveig in 1994 and featured the American saxophone player Pharoah Sanders along with family members of Mahmoud's ensemble including his brothers Mohktar and Abdellah. The ensemble included Abdellah "Gambori" Ahkaraz, now a maâlem and hadj from Essaouira as well. The Black Mluks was recorded and produced by Eric Rosenzveig in Montreal in 1992 at Radio Canada and released on P-Vine Records in Japan. Upon returning to Morocco with the master tapes, Mahmoud Gania sold the Moroccan rights to the cassette label Le Voix El Maarif who released it as El Maaleem Mahmoud Gania - Soiree Au Canada. The recordings were part of the first trip Maâlem Mahmoud Guinia and his ensemble made out of Morocco, to perform at the Festival Musiques et Traditions du Monde, the 350th Anniversary of the City of Montreal.The group at this time consisted almost entirely of his brothers, nephews and other family members. It was a legendary group.
Later and for the rest of his life his two sons would play with their father from they were very small, culminating at the final concert at the annual gnawa festival in his native Essaouira in May 2015, when a very ill Maâllem Mahmoud Gania after an impressive concert handed his guimbri over to his young son, Maâlem Houssam Gania, who - together with younger brother Maâlem Mokhtar Gania - is considered his musical and spiritual heir.
Another notable release, The [Wels Concert], with Peter Brötzmann and Hamid Drake, was recorded at Wels's 1996 Music Unlimited festival. The music recordings were released in 2001 with Maâllem Mahmoud Guinia in collaboration with Tata Guinness, and various Indonesian musicians.
In September 2017 his final studio recordings were released on double vinyl by UK record label, . The remastered album is titled Colours [of the Night (Maalem Mahmoud Gania album)|Colours of the Night]. In 2020, Hive Mind issued a second Gania album titled Aicha.