Magnoliales


The Magnoliales are an order of flowering plants. Well-known members of Magnoliales include: magnolias, tulip trees, custard apples, American pawpaw, cherimoyas, ylang-ylang, soursop fruit, and nutmeg.

Classification

The Magnoliales include six families:
The APG system, APG II system, APG III system, and APG IV system place this order in the clade magnoliids, circumscribed as follows:
In these systems, published by the APG, the Magnoliales are a basal group, excluded from the eudicots.

Earlier systems

The Cronquist system placed the order in the subclass Magnoliidae of class Magnoliopsida and used this circumscription:
The Thorne system placed the order in superorder Magnolianae, subclass Magnoliidae, in the class Magnoliopsida and used this circumscription :
The Engler system, in its update of 1964, placed the order in subclassis Archychlamydeae in class Dicotyledoneae and used this circumscription:
  • order Magnoliales
  • * family Amborellaceae
  • * family Annonaceae
  • * family Austrobaileyaceae
  • * family Calycanthaceae
  • * family Canellaceae
  • * family Cercidiphyllaceae
  • * family Degeneriaceae
  • * family Eupomatiaceae
  • * family Eupteleaceae
  • * family Gomortegaceae
  • * family Hernandiaceae
  • * family Himantandraceae
  • * family Illiciaceae
  • * family Lauraceae
  • * family Magnoliaceae
  • * family Monimiaceae
  • * family Myristicaceae
  • * family Schisandraceae
  • * family Trimeniaceae
  • * family Tetracentraceae
  • * family Trochodendraceae
  • * family Winteraceae
The Wettstein system, latest version published in 1935, did not use this name although it had an order with a similar circumscription with the name Polycarpicae. This was placed in the Dialypetalae in subclass Choripetalae of class Dicotyledones..
From the above it will be clear that the plants included in this order by APG have always been seen as related. They have always been placed in the order Magnoliales. The difference is that earlier systems have also included other plants, which have been moved to neighbouring orders by APG.