Mackenzie Presbyterian University


Mackenzie Presbyterian University is a private, denominational higher education institution in Brazil. It is one of the oldest educational institutions in the country, founded in 1870 as the American School by missionaries from Pennsylvania, United States. The university is maintained by the Mackenzie Presbyterian Institute, a private, non-profit, educational association. The university is regarded nationally and internationally as a center of excellence having graduated numerous important names in Brazilian history.
Mackenzie is the alma mater of governors, ministers, congressmen, executives and founders of major companies, olympic medalists, including 14 gold medals at the Paralympic Games, and internationally awarded artists, including one Pritzker Prize winner. The institution's graduates are known as Mackenzistas. Currently, Mackenzie Presbyterian University leads the ranking among private institutions in the state of São Paulo, according to the RUF 2024. Furthermore, it achieved the top spot in the "Job Market" category among all universities evaluated nationally.

History

In 1870, the American Presbyterian missionary Rev. George Whitehill Chamberlain and his wife Mary Annesley founded a private grammar school inside their home. The classes were held in their living room and, a few years later, the "American School" was established as a center of excellence in São Paulo. The Chamberlains' American School was revolutionary for the Brazilian standards at that time: no corporal punishment on students was permitted, and both boys and girls could attend classes. Even though the Chamberlains were openly Presbyterians, students from all ethnic backgrounds, social classes, and religious denominations were welcome. The fame of academic rigor allied to religious tolerance soon reached the United States. In 1896, John Theron Mackenzie, an attorney from Phelps, New York, and his sisters donated US$50,000 "for the establishment of an engineering school to be built under the auspices of Mr. Chamberlain". The Mackenzie building was built the next year, and the college was named in their honor.
In the 1940s, Mackenzie began to introduce new units and courses, such as the School of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters in 1946; the School of Architecture in 1947 and the School of Economics in 1950. In 1952, with four higher education institutions, Mackenzie was recognized as a university by decree signed by then-president Getúlio Vargas. In the same year, Dr. Henrique Pegado took over as the university's first rector. In 1955, classes began for the first class of the newly created School of Law, which since its foundation has stood out as one of the most traditional schools in São Paulo, alongside the School of Law of the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo and the School of Law of the University of São Paulo, in Largo de São Francisco.
In 1965, Mackenzie appointed Esther de Figueiredo Ferraz to the position of rector. She was the first woman to hold the position of rector at a Brazilian university. During Esther de Figueiredo Ferraz's term, students from Mackenzie Presbyterian University and the University of São Paulo engaged in a conflict known as the Battle of Maria Antônia. At the time, the Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of the University of São Paulo was located on Maria Antônia Street. There was a major violent and bloody conflict between pro-dictatorship and anti-dictatorship students, an event that became known as the Battle of Maria Antônia. Left-wing students, who opposed the military regime, gathered in the USP building, while right-wing students, in contrast, took up residence in the Mackenzie building, a group called the CCC - Communist Hunting Command. Due to the contrasting ideological differences, the conflict was inevitable and only ended with the repression of the Riot Squad requested by the then rector Esther de Figueiredo Ferraz.
The São Paulo campus currently has over 50 buildings and is located in Higienópolis, an upscale neighborhood in São Paulo. Around 35,000 students attend over 40 courses at Mackenzie's various campuses. The São Paulo and Tamboré campuses offer courses ranging from early childhood education to graduate studies. The Brasília campus serves high school and graduate studies, which are also present in Campinas, Rio de Janeiro and Recife.
Mackenzie Presbyterian University is a confessional institution. As a Presbyterian institution, it is governed by the reformed evangelical Christian faith and the Calvinist ethics of vocation. Thus, Mackenzie's commitment is to stimulate knowledge of "human and divine sciences"

Notable alumni

Notable among the university's alumni are governors, ministers, jurists, philosophers, politicians, journalists, Olympic athletes, businesspeople, great artists, and figures from Brazilian history. Many have gone on to teach in their respective fields at Mackenzie. Ives Gandra da Silva Martins – Renowned constitutional lawyer, legal scholar, and member of the Brazilian Academy of Philosophy. He is considered one of the most influential conservative legal thinkers in Brazil.
José Roberto Batochio – Eminent criminal lawyer, often referred to as a “bastion of Brazilian criminal law”; former president of the OAB and active in high-profile legal defense.
Álvaro Villaça Azevedo – One of the most respected civil law scholars in Brazil, known for his extensive academic and legal contributions.
Jefferson Aparecido Dias – Federal prosecutor and university professor. He served as Brazil’s Federal Prosecutor for Citizens’ Rights and was involved in key constitutional and civil rights cases.
Carlos Miguel Aidar – Prominent lawyer and former President of the Brazilian Bar Association.
Antonio Carlos Rodrigues do Amaral – Renowned lawyer and academic, recognized for his work in tax and business law.
Sérgio Pinto Martins – Federal judge and prolific scholar in labor law, widely cited in academic and judicial circles.
Surrealist artist André Breton is claimed as an alumnus, although this might reflect a mixup with his friend and collaborator Benjamin Péret, who lived in Brazil in 1929-1931; modernist painter Anita Malfatti; Chu Ming Silveira, a Chinese-Brazilian architect and designer, creator of the design of the Orelhão, an iconic public telephone booth whose fame spread throughout the country and Latin America.
Adolpho Lindenberg – Brazilian civil engineer, architect, writer and political activist. A cousin and disciple of Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira, the founder of Tradition, Family and Property. He was also the founder of CAL, one of the most famous construction companies in São Paulo, known for transforming the city's landscape with neoclassical buildings. His neoclassical style was named "Lindenberg style".
Brazil's most known basketball player Oscar Schmidt; Car racer Émerson Fittipaldi; Sea explorer Amyr Klink;
Boris Casoy – Veteran journalist and television anchor, known for his work in political commentary and for having served as editor-in-chief of Jornal da Noite on TV Bandeirantes.
Ney Gonçalves Dias – Journalist, writer, and broadcaster, recognized for his long-standing career in Brazilian media and his presence in radio and television since the 1970s.
Gabriela Prioli - criminal lawyer, university professor, political commentator and TV presenter, known nationally for having been part of the "O Grande Debate" segment on the CNN Brasil network.
Businessmen Márcio Cypriano ; Ivan Zurita ; Danilo Talanskas and Emerson Kapaz.
Maria Lucrécia Eunice Facciolla Paiva who lobbied for the enactment of Law 9.140/95, which acknowledged the deaths of people disappeared for their political activities during the military dictatorship, and took legal steps to end the violence and illegal land expropriation committed against indigenous people and was involved in including indigenous rights in the new Constitution of Brazil.

Schools and colleges

School of Engineering
Graduate School of Theology
School of Architecture and City Planning
Biological Sciences and Health College
College of Economics, Accounting, Business and Marketing
College of Computer Science and Information Technology
College of Communication and the Arts
School of Law
College of Physical Education
College of Philosophy, Language, and Education
College of Psychology

Buildings

Due to the founders' origins and the Presbyterian faith's connection to their homeland, the university's historic buildings bear visible influence and elements of 19th-century American architecture. Among them, the proximity to Georgian architecture stands out, due to the predominant use of red brick on the exterior and Renaissance, Neoclassical, and Medieval-inspired ornaments, which are also part of the architectural identity of English and American universities, such as Harvard University, the University of Pennsylvania, and the University of Leeds.
The Higienópolis Campus is listed and recognized as a Historical and Cultural Heritage site by CONDEPHAAT. Intact since 1914, the university's woods house the bust of Horace Lane, who in 1884 was invited by Rev. Chamberlain to direct the American School.

School of Engineering (EE) and School of Architecture and Urban Planning (FAU)

In February 1896, the Mackenzie School of Engineering began its program, with diplomas still issued by New York University and the first private engineering school in Brazil. The institution offers degrees in electrical, mechanical, civil, materials, production, chemical, and computer engineering. It was also responsible for the country's first Chemical Engineering program. The school produced names that enriched national culture, such as Adolpho Lindenberg, founder of CAL, who transformed the landscape of São Paulo with neoclassical buildings whose "Lindenberg Building" brand became synonymous with charm and tradition in São Paulo's upscale neighborhoods. FAU was founded in 1917 by Cristiano Stockler das Neves, who has a bust in his honor at the university. It is one of the oldest and most traditional architecture schools in the country.
Both FAU and EE trained the architects of the Itália, Farol Santander, Mirante do Vale buildings and the reconstruction of Páteo do Colégio, cultural symbols of the city of São Paulo. In its 100th anniversary, EE was honored with the inauguration of the Mackenzie Engineering School Road Complex and the Mackenzie Engineering School Hydroelectric Plant. In Mackenzie's 150th anniversary, the Engenheiro Antonio Moliterno Viaduct was inaugurated, a graduate of EE where he was also a professor.