Clothing sizes


Clothing sizes are the sizes with which garments sold off-the-shelf are labeled. Sizing systems vary based on the country and the type of garment, such as dresses, tops, skirts, and trousers. There are three approaches:
  • Body dimensions: The label states the range of body measurements for which the product was designed.
  • Product dimensions: The label states characteristic dimensions of the product.
  • Ad hoc sizes: The label states a size number or code with no obvious relationship to any measurement. Children's clothes sizes are sometimes described by the age of the child, or, for infants, the weight.
Traditionally, clothes have been labelled using many different ad hoc size systems, which has resulted in varying sizing methods between different manufacturers made for different countries due to changing demographics and increasing rates of obesity, a phenomenon known as vanity sizing. This results in country-specific and vendor-specific labels incurring additional costs, and can make internet or mail order difficult. Some new standards for clothing sizes being developed are therefore based on body dimensions, such as the EN 13402 "Size designation of clothes".

History of standard clothing sizes

Before the invention of standardized clothing sizes in the early 1800s, all clothing was made to fit individuals by either tailors or makers of clothing in their homes. Then garment makers noticed that the range of human body dimensions was relatively small. Because of the drape and ease of the fabric, not all measurements are required to obtain a well-fitting apparel in most styles. Sizes were based on:
  • Horizontal torso measurements, which include the neck circumference, the shoulder width, the bustline measurements – over-bust circumference, the full bust circumference, the bust-point separation, and the under-bust circumference – the natural waist circumference, the upper hip circumference and the lower hip circumference.
  • Vertical torso measurements, which include the back length, the shoulder-waist length, the bust-shoulder length, the bust-waist length, and the two hip-waist lengths.
  • Sleeve measurements, which include the under-arm and over-arm lengths, the fore-arm length, the wrist circumference and the biceps circumference.
Pit-to-pit measurement is not a tailoring measurement, but a finished garment measure, used in the second-hand internet marketplace, generally the straight line measure across the garment, laid flat, at the bottom of the armpits.

Standards

International standards

There are several ISO standards for size designation of clothes, but most of them are being revised and replaced by one of the parts of ISO 8559 which closely resembles European Standard EN 13402:
  • ISO 3635:1981, Size designation of clothes: Definitions and body measurement procedure
  • ISO 3636:1977, Size designation of clothes: Men's and boys' outerwear garments
  • ISO 3637:1977, Size designation of clothes: Women's and girls' outerwear garments
  • ISO 3638:1977, Size designation of clothes: Infants garments
  • ISO 4415:1981, Size designation of clothes: Men's and boys' underwear, nightwear and shirts
  • ISO 4416:1981, Size designation of clothes: Women's and girls' underwear, nightwear, foundation garments and shirts
  • ISO 4417:1977, Size designation of clothes: Headwear
  • ISO 4418:1978, Size designation of clothes: Gloves
  • ISO 5971:1981, 2017, Size designation of clothes: Pantyhose
  • ISO 7070:1982, Size designation of clothes - Hosiery
  • ISO 8559:1989, Garment construction and anthropometric surveys: Body dimensions
  • * ISO 8559-1:2017, Size designation of clothes: Part 1: Anthropometric definitions for body measurement
  • * ISO 8559-2:2017, Size designation of clothes: Part 2: Primary and secondary dimension indicators
  • * ISO 8559-3:2018, Size designation of clothes: Part 3: Methodology of the creation of the body measurement tables and intervals
  • * ISO 8559-3:2023, Size designation of clothes: Part 4: Determination of the coverage ratios of body measurement tables
  • ISO/TR 10652:1991, Standard sizing systems for clothes

    Asian standards

Chinese standards

  • GB 1335-81
  • GB/T 1335.1-2008 Size designation of clothes - Men
  • GB/T 1335.2-2008 Size designation of clothes - Women
  • GB/T 1335.3-2008 Size designation of clothes - Children
  • GB/T 2668-2002 Sizes for coats, jackets and trousers
  • GB/T 14304-2002 Sizes for woolen garments

    Japanese standards

  • JIS L 4001 Sizing systems for infants' garments
  • JIS L 4002 Sizing systems for boys' garments
  • JIS L 4003 Sizing systems for girls' garments
  • JIS L 4004 Sizing systems for men's garments
  • JIS L 4005 Sizing systems for women's garments
  • JIS L 4006 Sizing systems for foundation garments
  • JIS L 4007 Sizing systems for Hosiery and Pantyhose

    Korean standards

  • KS K 0050 Men's wear
  • KS K 0051 Women's wear
  • KS K 0052 Infants
  • KS K 0059 Headgear
  • KS K 0070 Brassiere
  • KS K 0037 Dress Shirts
  • KS K 0088 Socks

    Thai standards

  • Wacoal

    Australian standards

  • L9 - Women's clothing - Apparel Manufacturers Association of NSW - 1959-1970
  • AS1344-1972, 1975, 1997 Size coding scheme for women's clothing
  • AS1182 - 1980 - Size coding scheme for infants and children's clothing

    European standards

The European Standards Organisation produced a series of standards, prefixed with EN 13402:
  • EN 13402-1: Terms, definitions and body measurement procedure
  • EN 13402-2: Primary and secondary dimensions
  • EN 13402-3: Size designation of clothes. Body measurements and intervals
  • EN 13402-4: Coding system
These are intended to replace the existing national standards of the 33 member states. It is currently in common use for children's clothing, but not yet for adults. The third standard EN 13402-3 seeks to address the problem of irregular or vanity sizing through offering a SI unit based labelling system, which will also pictographically describe the dimensions a garment is designed to fit, per the ISO 3635 standard.

German standards

  • DOB-Verband

    French standards

  • AFNOR NF G 03-001 - Human body - Vocabulary - Pictogram;
  • AFNOR EXP G 03-002 - Women Measures
  • AFNOR EXP G 03-003 - Men Measures
  • AFNOR EXP G 03-006 - Measures of babies and young children
  • AFNOR EXP G 03-007 - Size designation of clothes for men, women and children
  • AFNOR NF G 03-008 - Tights - Sizes - Designation - Marking

    Russian standards

  • GOST R 53230-2008 Size designation of clothes. Men's and boy's underwear, nightwear and shirts

    British standards

  • BS 3666:1982 Specification for size designation of women's wear
  • BS 6185:1982 Specification for size designation of men's wear
BS 3666:1982, the standard for women's clothing, is rarely followed by manufacturers as it defines sizes in terms of hip and bust measurements only within a limited range. This has resulted in variations between manufacturers and a tendency towards vanity sizing.

Yugoslavian standards

Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia and Serbia still use the JUS standards developed in the former Yugoslavia. In addition to typical girth measurements clothing is also marked to identify which of 5 height bands: X-Short, Short, Medium, Tall, X-Tall, and body types: Slim, Normal, or Full, it is designed to fit.

American standards

US standards

  • CS-151-50 - Infants, Babies, Toddlers and Children's clothing
  • CS 215-58 - Women's Clothing
  • PS 36-70 - Boys Clothing
  • PS 42-70 – Women's Clothing
  • PS 45-71 - Young Men's clothing
  • PS 54-72 - Girls Clothing
  • ASTM D5585-95
  • ASTM D6829-02
  • ASTM D5585-11
  • ASTM D6240-98
  • ASTM D6960-04 – Women's Plus sizes
There is no mandatory clothing size or labeling standard in the US, though a series of voluntary standards have been in place since the 1930s. The US government, however, did attempt to establish a system for women's clothing in 1958 when the National Bureau of Standards published Body Measurements for the Sizing of Women's Patterns and Apparel. The guidelines were made a commercial standard and were even updated in 1970. But the guide was eventually degraded to a voluntary standard until it was abolished altogether in 1983. Private organization ASTM International started to release its own recommended size carts in the 1990s.
Since then, the common US misses sizes have not had stable dimensions. Clothing brands and manufacturers size their products according to their preferences. For example, the dimensions of two size 10 dresses from different companies, or even from the same company, may have grossly different dimensions; and both are almost certainly larger than the size 10 dimensions described in the US standard. Vanity sizing may be partly responsible for this deviation.

Women

Comparison table

Inch-based women's sizes (US/UK)

British and American standard dress sizes, s, are calculated by bust circumference, b, measured in inches, as follows:
  • US: s = b − 28
  • UK: s = b − 24
US4681012
UK810121416
Bust32 in34 in36 in38 in40 in
Bust81 cm86 cm91 cm97 cm102 cm
Waist24 in26.5 in29 in31 in33 in
Waist61 cm67 cm74 cm79 cm84 cm
Hip35 in37 in39 in41 in43 in
Hip89 cm94 cm99 cm104 cm109 cm

EU2830323436384042
US13579111315
UK357911131517