MDungnag language
mDungnag Tibetan is a divergent Tibetic language of western Gansu, China.
Distribution
mDungnag is spoken in Qifeng Tibetan Ethnic Township, Sunan Yugur Autonomous County, Gansu, China.Classification
Shao notes that mDungnag is not mutually intelligible with either Khams Tibetan or Amdo Tibetan. It may possibly be a divergent form of Amdo Tibetan due to some shared vocabulary, although these similarities could also be due to contact. The exact classification of mDungnag within Tibetic remains uncertain.Phonology
mDungnag is a non-tonal language.Dialects
mDungnag can be divided into two dialects:- Hexi 河西 : spoken in Baozitan Village 堡子滩村
- Hedong 河东 : spoken in Qingkedi Village 青稞地村 and Ciyaokou 瓷窑口村 Village. This is the dialect that is primarily documented in Shao.
| Chinese gloss | English gloss | Hexi | Hedong |
| 乌鸦 | crow | kʰɐtʰɐ | hɐtʰɐ |
| 黄羊 | Mongolian gazelle | ʱgʷɐ | ʱgo |
| 旱獭 | marmot | ʂʮ | ʂʷa |
| 开水 | boiling water | tʂʰənkʰo | tʂʰəkʰo |
| 大坂 | large mountain | lʷɐ | lɐ |
| 红嘴鸦 | Red-billed chough | ʰtʂoŋχʷa | ʰtʂoŋhɐ |
| 馒头 | mantou | kɔrɐ | kʷɐrɐ |
| 骆驼 | camel | ʱŋɐmaŋ | ʱŋɐməŋ |
| 白胸黑狗 | white-chested black dog | taŋkʰar | taŋɣar |
| 踩 | to step on | ʱdə | ʱdi |
| 耕地 | to plow, till | ʰtʂɐk | ʱmi ; ʱmɔ |
| 穿 | to wear | kon | kʷan |
| 骑 | to ride | ʂon | ʂʷan |
| 点火 | to ignite, light | ʱdʑon | ʱdʑʷan |
| 吵 | to quarrel | kʰon | kʰʷan |
| 使役/使用 | to use | kʰɔ | ko |
| 疼痛 | pain | ʱdzer | zer |
| 舀 | to scoop | ʰtʂʷi ; tʂʮ | sʷi ; sʮ |
| 数字连词 | numeral affix | sɔ | ʰtsɐ |
| 棉袄 | cotton jacket | tʂyɣɔtsə | orə |
| 杏子 | apricot | ɣorək | xaŋrə |
| 山羊羔子 | kid | eᶳtsə | rəᶳtsə |
| 帽子 | hat | ⁿgɔʂɐ | kɐli |
| 两口子 | married couple | ʱdzɐwɐ | ʱdzɐⁿgɔ |
| 头面 | face; woman's head ornaments | ʰtəkgʷɔ | ʰtəkdʑap |