M110 155 mm projectile
The M110 155 mm projectile is an artillery shell used by the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps. The M110 was originally designed as a chemical artillery round to deliver blister agents via howitzer as a replacement for the World War I-era 75 mm chemical projectiles. The design was later repurposed as a white phosphorus smoke round for marking, signaling, and screening purposes. The white phosphorus variants of the shell also have a secondary, incendiary effect.
Original design
Officially designated projectile, 155 mm howitzer, M110, the original round was a 26.8-inch steel shell with a rotating band near its base and a burster rod down its center. The original shell typically contained of sulfur mustard (H) or distilled sulfur mustard (HD), which would fill the hollow space in the shell. As early as the 1960s, a white phosphorus version was created under the same designation with of white phosphorus filler. Both versions were designed for employment by the M114 howitzer and the M44 Self-Propelled Howitzer for use as terrain denial, target-marking, and obscurationDesign variants and markings
M110
The original version of the shell came in two variations, one filled with mustard and one filled with white phosphorus (WP). To distinguish between the two, the HD versions were gray marked with two, horizontal, green bands, like most other chemical artillery shells. The WP versions were gray with a single, horizontal, yellow band, as is standard for military smoke munitions.Both versions are now considered obsolete, with the WP version seeing updated versions in later incarnations of the shell.
The HD version has not been produced since the 1960s and was never used in combat. Remaining stockpiles of the HD version are in the process of being destroyed in accordance with the 1997 Chemical Weapons Convention.