Mycobacterium malmoense
Mycobacterium malmoense is a Gram-positive bacterium from the genus Mycobacterium.
Etymology
From the city of Malmö, Sweden where the strain used for the description was isolated from patients.Description
, nonmotile, acid-fast and coccoid to short rods.- Environmental reservoir: soil and water.
- Smooth and nonpigmented colonies, growth below the surface of semisolid agar medium after deep inoculation, 0.9 - 1.7mm in diameter.
- Growth on inspissated egg medium and oleic acid-albumin agar at a temperature range of 22 °C-37 °C requires over 1 week.
- Susceptible to ethambutol, ethionamide, kanamycin and cycloserine.
- Antigenic structure: seroagglutination demonstrates a single serovar distinct from that of other species.
Pathogenesis
- Usually infects young children with cervical lymphadenitis or adults with chronic pulmonary disease,.
- Rarely causes extrapulmonary diseases and disseminated infections
- Biosafety level 2
- The first case of infectious endocarditis by M. malmoense was reported in 2020 in Cali, Colombia. The patient was a 61-year old woman with a history of biological mitral valve replacement due to rheumatic disease, dermatomyositis and rheumatoid arthritis in management with methotrexate, chloroquine, and prednisolone.