Local ethnic nationalism


Local ethnic nationalism, simply local nationalism or local ethnic chauvinism is a term first used by Mao Zedong regarding perceived nationalist sentiment of certain groups in mainland China and Taiwan.
In mainland China, the term "local ethnic nationalism" is often used alongside "Han chauvinism". According to the Chinese Communist Party's official line, both are seen as "deviations" from Marxist ethnic theory that could hurt national unity. While the government says it opposes both, in reality, the "local nationalism" label is frequently used to crackdown on minority groups in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Inner Mongolia.

History

From the 1930s to 1945, the Japanese imperialists proclaimed the idea of "national liberation" and "national self-determination" to encourage the separation of Northeast China and North China from the rest of the country.
During the Taiwan under Japanese rule, Xie Xuehong supported "Taiwan independence" by organizing the Taiwanese Communist Party in Shanghai. In the 1950s, Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League leader Xie supported Taiwanese self-determination over Chinese unification, which led to her being denounced as a "local nationalist" by Mao Zedong and his supporters during the Anti-Rightist Campaign.
On September 1, 1979, Deng Xiaoping, while listening to the report of the 14th National Conference on United Front Work, said: There are indeed many problems in the national work to which attention should be paid; the current issue is how to strengthen national unity and oppose 'great Han-ism' and 'local ethnic nationalism', and there is also 'great nationalism' in some ethnic minorities.

Hong Kong nationalism

Hong Kong nationalism recognizes Hongkongers as individual minzu as distinct from "Chinese nation/ethnicity". The term minzu may mean "ethnic group" depending on the context, but may also mean "nation" in a broad sense. Therefore, Hong Kong nationalists who reject the concept of "Chinese nation/ethnicity" and insist on "Hong Konger nation/ethnicity" can also be called local nationalism.

Types

Han

Non-Han