| Image | Title | Year | Location | Material | Dimensions |
| Head of a Faun† | | Lost in 1944 | Marble Plaster cast | |
| Madonna of the Stairs | | Casa Buonarroti, Florence | Marble | 55.5 × 40 cm |
| Battle of the Centaurs | | Casa Buonarroti, Florence | Marble | 84.5 × 90.5 cm |
| Hercules | | Lost | Marble Copy by Peter Paul Rubens | |
| Crucifix | | Santo Spirito, Florence | Polychrome wood | 142 × 135 cm |
| Saint Petronius from the Ark of Saint Dominic | 1494–1495 | Basilica of San Domenico, Bologna | Marble | height 64 cm |
| Saint Proculus from the Ark of Saint Dominic | 1494–1495 | Basilica of San Domenico, Bologna | Marble | height 58.5 cm |
| Angel from the Ark of Saint Dominic | 1494–1495 | Basilica of San Domenico, Bologna | Marble | height 51.5 cm |
| Sleeping Cupid | 1496 | Lost | Marble possibly a copy by Giulio Romano | |
| Bacchus | 1496–1497 | Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence | Marble | height 203 cm |
| Cupid Apollo | 1497 | Lost | Marble possibly a study for the Standing Cupid | |
| Pietà | 1498–1499 | St. Peter's Basilica, Rome | Marble | height 174 cm, width at the base 195 cm |
| David | 1501–1504 | Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence | Marble | height |
| Madonna and Child (Madonna of Bruges) | 1501–1504 | Church of Our Lady, Bruges | Marble | height 128 cm |
| David De Rohan | 1502–1508 | Lost | Bronze | |
| Saint Paul | 1503–1504 | Siena Cathedral, Siena | Marble | |
| Saint Peter | 1503–1504 | Siena Cathedral, Siena | Marble | |
| Saint Pius | 1503–1504 | Siena Cathedral, Siena | Marble | |
| Saint Gregory | 1503–1504 | Siena Cathedral, Siena | Marble | |
| Madonna and Child (Tondo Pitti) | c. 1503 – 1504 | Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence | Marble | 85,8 × 82 cm |
| Madonna and Child with the Infant Saint John (Taddei Tondo) | c. 1504 – 1506 | Royal Academy of Arts, London | Marble/Coon | diameter 82.5 cm |
| Saint Matthew | c. 1505 | Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence | Marble | height 271 cm |
| Tomb of Pope Julius II | 1505–1545 | San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome | | |
| Statue of Julius II | 1508 | Formerly Basilica of San Petronio, Bologna | Bronze | |
| Moses | c. 1513–1515 | San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome | | |
| Rebellious Slave | 1513–1516 | Louvre, Paris | Marble | height 215 cm |
| Dying Slave | 1513–1516 | Louvre, Paris | Marble | height 229 cm |
| Young Slave scale model | | Victoria & Albert Museum, London | Wax | height 16,5 cm |
| Young Slave | 1520–1523 | Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence | Marble | height 256 cm |
| Atlas Slave | 1520–1523 | Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence | Marble | height 277 cm |
| Awakening Slave | 1520–1523 | Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence | Marble | height 267 cm |
| Bearded Slave | 1520–1523 | Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence | Marble | height 263 cm |
| Medici Madonna | 1521–1534 | Medici Chapel, Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence | Marble | height 226 cm |
| Scale model for two Fighters | | Casa Buonarroti, Florence | Clay | height 41 cm |
| The Genius of Victory | c. 1532–1534 | Palazzo Vecchio, Florence | Marble | height 261 cm |
| Rachel | 1545 | San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome | Marble | height 209 cm |
| Leah | 1545 | San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome | Marble | height 197 cm |
| Tomb of Giuliano de' Medici, Duke of Nemours, Night and Day | c. 1526 – 1534 | Medici Chapel, Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence | | |
| Tomb of Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino, Dusk and Dawn | c. 1524 – 1534 | Medici Chapel, Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence | | |
| Apollo | c. 1530 | Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence | Marble | height 146 cm |
| Crouching Boy | c. 1530 – 1534 | State Hermitage, Saint Petersburg | Marble | height 54 cm |
| Cristo della Minerva (Christ Carrying the Cross) | 1519–1520 | church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, Rome | Marble | height 205 cm |
| Brutus | 1538 | Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence | Marble | height 95 cm |
| Florentine Pietà | c. 1547 – 1553 | Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Florence | Marble | height 253 cm |
| Rondanini Pietà | 1552–1564 | Castello Sforzesco, Milan | Marble | height 195 cm |
| Image | Title | Year | Location | Material | Dimensions |
| Christ of Guadalupe | 1560 | Guadalupe, Cáceres, Spain | Ivory | 20 cm |
| Young Archer | | Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York | Marble | height 97 cm |
| Venus and Cupid | | Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, Florence | Marble | 43,5x58 cm |
| Gallino Crucifix | | Bargello Museum, Florence | Wood | 41,3×39,7 cm |
| Young Saint John the Baptist | | Sacred Chapel of El Salvador, Úbeda | Marble | height 130 cm |
| Crucifix of Montserrat | | Santa Maria de Montserrat Abbey, Monistrol de Montserrat | Ivory | |
| Naked man I | | Casa Buonarroti, Florence | Terracotta | height 49 cm |
| Importuno di Michelangelo | c. 1504 | Palazzo Vecchio, Florence | Pietraforte | |
| Michelangelo Bronzes | 1506–1508 | Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, England | Bronze | |
| Male torso I | | Casa Buonarroti, Florence | Terracotta | height 23 cm |
| Male torso II | | Casa Buonarroti, Florence | Terracotta | height 22,5 cm |
| Naked woman scale model | | Casa Buonarroti, Florence | Terracotta | height 35 cm |
| Cristo della Minerva (first version?) | | San Vincenzo, Bassano Romano | Marble | |
| Palestrina Pietà | | Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence | Marble | height 253 cm |
| Scale model for a Crucifix | | | Wood | height 20,5 cm |