List of turnpikes in Maryland

Maryland’s first road statute, the 1666 Act for Making High Wayes, directed each county court to select, clear, and maintain “highways,” funding the work through compulsory labor or tobacco levies.
The 1696 Act for the Better Clearing of the Roads reaffirmed those obligations but still provided no dedicated cash revenue.
As overland commerce expanded after the Revolution, the General Assembly in 1787 authorized tolled, 66-foot-wide roads from Baltimore toward Frederick, Reisterstown, and York, prescribing surfacing standards and gate spacing while leaving construction to county commissioners.
That hybrid public-oversight/toll-revenue model became the legal framework for the chartered turnpike companies listed below.
The Monocacy Road and Nemacolin's Path were Indigenous thoroughfares later adapted for colonial traffic. The Monocacy was widened for wagons by 1739. It linked the Potomac crossing at Conococheague Creek with Frederick, York, and Lancaster, demonstrating the commercial value of improved inland corridors.
[image: Cumberland, Maryland|Cumberland md braddock road.jpg|thumb|upright=1.6|Lacock's map of the road]
Military activity pushed construction westward when George Washington’s militia and General Edward Braddock’s expedition opened a graded track from Rock Creek to Wills Creek. Braddock's Road became the first engineered route across Maryland’s Allegheny Front and later guided both the Cumberland Turnpike and the federally funded National Road.
When Congress revisited the alignment a half-century later, its commissioners debated “how best to engineer the route” across the same “irregular hills and hollows,” acknowledging that the terrain posed an “engineering challenge to road making.”
Subsequent acts in 1796 and during the 1804–05 session incorporated more than forty turnpike trusts and joint-stock companies to rebuild the 1787 lines and extend new toll roads. However, one-third of the corporations chartered never built anything due to an inability to raise capital.
After a period of intensive chartering in the 1810s–1820s, Maryland's toll‑road network reached its zenith in the mid‑1820s. At this peak, seven principal macadam turnpikes radiated from Baltimore-[Baltimore and Reisterstown, Maryland|Reisterstown Turnpike|Reisterstown], York, Falls, Frederick, Washington, Bel Air, and Havre‑de‑Grace, forming a spoke‑and‑hub network that funneled produce and passengers to the port city. Thereafter, most pikes functioned primarily as feeders to the expanding railways. A legislative tally in 1899 still recorded fifty-one chartered companies collecting tolls on about 497 miles of road, roughly one‑quarter of the state's main‑road mileage, while many other pikes had already reverted to county supervision. Seeking to modernize the fragmented system, the General Assembly created the State Roads Commission in 1908; between 1909 and 1918 the commission purchased or condemned the surviving franchises, and by the early 1920s virtually every turnpike mile had been rebuilt as a free public highway.
The principal alignments, most prominently the Baltimore-Frederick corridor, remain embedded in today’s U.S. Route 40 and Maryland Route 144.
The sortable table below lists each company, its charter, and the present-day road occupying its corridor.

Name	Chartered	Routing	Approximate modern designation	Notes
National Turnpike		Cumberland - Frostburg - Grantsville - Pennsylvania	U.S. Route 40	-
Baltimore and Frederick-town Turnpike		Baltimore - Ellicott City - Mount Airy - New Market - Frederick - Middletown - Boonsboro	Route 144, U.S. Route 40 Alternate	-
Baltimore and Reisterstown Turnpike		Baltimore - Reisterstown - Finksburg - Hampstead - Pennsylvania ; Reisterstown - Westminster - Pennsylvania ; Finksburg - Gamber; Westminster - Uniontown	Route 140, Route 30; Route 140, Route 97; Route 91; Uniontown Road	-
Baltimore and York-town Turnpike		Baltimore - Towson - Pennsylvania	Route 45	-
Falls Turnpike		Baltimore - Brooklandville	Cathedral Street, Route 25	-
Washington Turnpike		District of Columbia - Rockville	Route 355	Was planned to Frederick via Clarksburg, but only built to Rockville
Hagerstown Turnpike		Westminster - Thurmont - Smithsburg - Hagerstown	Uniontown Road, Middleburg Road, Route 77, Route 64	-
New-Castle and French-town Turnpike		Chesapeake Bay - Delaware	Lewis Shore Road, abandoned right-of-way	-
Columbia Turnpike		Ellicott City - White Oak	U.S. Route 29	Not completed by the company; was to extend to District of Columbia, but only built to White Oak
Washington and Baltimore Turnpike		District of Columbia - Laurel - Baltimore	U.S. Route 1 Alternate, U.S. Route 1, U.S. Route 1 Alternate	-
Cumberland Turnpike		Conococheague - Hancock - Cumberland	U.S. Route 40, Route 144	-
Elk and Christiana Turnpike		Elkton - Delaware	Route 281	-
Baltimore and Havre-de-Grace Turnpike		Baltimore - Edgewood - Aberdeen - Havre de Grace	Route 7	-
Westminster, Taney-Town and Emmittsburg Turnpike		Westminster - Taneytown - Emmitsburg - Pennsylvania	Route 140	-
Boonsboro and Sharpsburg Turnpike Originally Boonsborough Turnpike		Boonsboro - Sharpsburg	Route 34	The chartered route extended to the Potomac River opposite Shepherdstown, West Virginia, but was never built
Baltimore and Harford Turnpike		Baltimore - Greenwood - Benson; Greenwood - Little Gunpowder Falls	Route 147; Long Green Pike	-
Calverton Turnpike				-
Hagers-Town and Conococheague Turnpike		Hagerstown - Conococheague	U.S. Route 40	-
Hager's-Town and Boonsborough Turnpike	February 4, 1819	Boonsboro - Funkstown - Hagerstown	U.S. Route 40 Alternate	-
Boonsborough Turnpike				-
Franklin Turnpike		Baltimore - Franklintown	Franklintown Road	-
Frederick and Woodsborough Turnpike		Frederick - Ceresville	Route 355, Route 26	Originally authorized to continue to Woodsboro, but that was built by the Woodsboro and Frederick Turnpike Last turnpike in Maryland, bought by the State Roads Commission in 1921
Williamsport and Hagerstown Turnpike		Williamsport - Hagerstown	U.S. Route 11	-
Northwestern Turnpike		Connecting the West Virginia turnpike of the same name across southern Allegany County	U.S. Route 50	-
Cumberland and Somerset Turnpike		Locust Grove - Mount Savage - Pennsylvania	Route 36, Route 47	-
Maryland and New York Iron and Coal Company's turnpike		Mount Savage Iron Works - Mount Savage	Route 36	-
Baltimore, Freedom and Liberty Turnpike Originally Baltimore and Liberty Turnpike		Baltimore - Harrisonville	Route 26	-
Frederick and Emmettsburg Turnpike		Frederick - Thurmont - Emmitsburg	U.S. Route 15	-
Hagerstown and Waynesborough Turnpike		Hagerstown - Leitersburg - Pennsylvania	Route 60	-
Marsh Turnpike		North of Hagerstown - Pennsylvania	Marsh Pike	-
Hagerstown and Middleburg Turnpike		Hagerstown - Pennsylvania	U.S. Route 11	-
Union Turnpike Originally Union Plank or Turnpike Road		District of Columbia - Glenmont - Olney - Brookeville; Olney - Sandy Spring - Ashton; Sandy Spring — Glenmont	Route 97; Route 108; Route 182	-
Westminster and Taneytown Turnpike		Westminster - Taneytown - Emmitsburg - Pennsylvania	Route 140	Originally the Westminster, Taney-Town and Emmittsburg Turnpike
Williamsport and Greencastle Turnpike		Williamsport - Pennsylvania	Route 63	-
Bel-Air Turnpike		Benson - Bel Air	U.S. Route 1 Business	-
Hagerstown and Sharpsburg Turnpike		Hagerstown - Sharpsburg	Route 65	-
Hagerstown and Smithsburg Turnpike		Hagerstown - Smithsburg	Route 64	-
Woodsboro and Frederick Turnpike		Woodsboro - Walkersville - Ceresville	Route 194	-
Frederick and Monocacy Turnpike		Frederick - Monocacy River	Church Street, Gas House Pike	-
Elkton, Andora and Lewisville Plank Road Later Elkton, Andora and Lewisville Plank and Turnpike Road		Elkton - Cherry Hill - Pennsylvania	Route 213	-
Dulaney's Valley and Towsontown Turnpike		Loch Raven Reservoir - Towson	Route 146	-
Green Spring Avenue		Baltimore - Route 130	Greenspring Avenue	-
Baltimore and Jerusalem Turnpike Originally Baltimore and Little Gunpowder Falls Turnpike		Baltimore - Jerusalem Mills	U.S. Route 1, Jerusalem Road	-
Hagerstown and Cross-Roads Turnpike		Hagerstown - Cearfoss	Route 58	-
Buckeystown Turnpike		Frederick - Buckeystown	Route 85	-
Liberty and Frederick Turnpike		Libertytown - Ceresville	Route 26	-
Frederick City and Catoctin Mountain Road		Frederick - Catoctin Mountain	Yellow Springs Road	-
Liberty and New Windsor Turnpike		Libertytown - New Windsor	Route 31	-
Dulaney's Valley and Sweet Air Turnpike		Loch Raven Reservoir - Knoebel	Dulaney Valley Road	-
Jarrettsville Turnpike		Loch Raven Reservoir - Taylor	Route 146	-
Liberty and Pipe Creek Turnpike		Libertytown - Johnsville - Union Bridge	Route 75	-
Western Run Turnpike		Cockeysville - Butler	Western Run Road	-
Washington, Colesville and Ashton Turnpike		Silver Spring - Colesville - Ashton	U.S. Route 29, Route 650	-
Mechanicsville and Finksburg Turnpike		Finksburg - Gamber	Route 91	Later merged into the Baltimore and Reister's-town Turnpike
Georgetown and Rockville Turnpike		Rockville - Washington, D.C.	Route 355	-
Back River Neck Turnpike		Middle River - Essex; branch along Back River Neck	Route 150; Back River Neck Road	-
Westminster and Meadow Branch Turnpike		Westminster - Frizzelburg	Route 140	Originally part of the Westminster, Taney-Town and Emmittsburg Turnpike
Adamstown Turnpike		Adamstown to Route 85; branch to Doubs	Mountville Road, New Design Road, Greenfield Road; Doubs Road	-
Frederick and Ballinger Creek Turnpike		Frederick - Ballenger Creek	Route 351	-
Frederick and Jefferson Turnpike		Frederick - Jefferson	Route 180	-
Monocacy and Urbana Turnpike		Monocacy National Battlefield -	Route 355	-
Woodsboro and Creagerstown Turnpike		Woodsboro - Creagerstown	Route 550	-
Woodsboro and Double Pipe Creek Turnpike		Woodsboro - Detour	Route 194, Detour Road	-
Frederick and Opossumtown Turnpike		Frederick - just north of Frederick Community College	Opossumtown Pike	-
Frederick and Washington Turnpike		Frederick - Monocacy National Battlefield	Route 355	-
Ellicott City and Clarksville Turnpike		Ellicott City - Clarksville	Route 108	-
Triadelphia Turnpike		Glenelg - west of Ellicott City	Triadelphia Road	-
Downsville and Hagerstown Turnpike		Downsville - Hagerstown	Route 632	-
Gapland Turnpike		Gapland - Gathland State Park	Gapland Road	-
Beaver Creek and South Mountain Turnpike		Funkstown - Greenbrier State Park	Beaver Creek Road	-
Charles Street Avenue		Baltimore - Woodbrook	Charles Street	-
Washington and Westminster Turnpike		Westminster - Smallwood	Route 32	-
Washington Turnpike		District of Columbia - Baltimore	Unbuilt	-
Elizabeth Turnpike		Baltimore - Frederick - Hagerstown - Williamsport	Unbuilt	-
Reisterstown Turnpike		Reisterstown - Westminster - Taneytown - Emmitsburg - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Cumberland and Union Turnpike		Cumberland - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Allegany Turnpike		West Virginia - Westernport - West Virginia	Unbuilt	-
Frederick-Town and Harper's Ferry Turnpike		Frederick - Harper's Ferry	Unbuilt	-
Piscataway and Hynson Turnpike			Unbuilt	-
Baltimore and Strasburg Turnpike		Pennsylvania - Baltimore	Unbuilt	-
Emmittsburg Turnpike		Point on the Hagerstown Turnpike - Emmitsburg	Unbuilt	-
Susquehanna, Charles-Town and Elkton Turnpike		Perryville - Charlestown - Elkton	Unbuilt	-
Westminster and New-Windsor Turnpike		New Windsor - Westminster	Unbuilt	-
Westminster and Liberty Town Turnpike		Libertytown - Westminster	Unbuilt	-
Baltimore, Liberty and Hager's Town Turnpike		Baltimore - Libertytown - Hagerstown	Unbuilt	-
Washington and Frederick Turnpike		Middletown - Potomac River	Unbuilt	-
Loveton Turnpike		Point on the Baltimore and York-town Turnpike - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Monocacy Turnpike		Dickerson - Poplar Springs	Unbuilt	-
Harper's Ferry Turnpike		Frederick - Harpers Ferry	Unbuilt	-
Baltimore and Rock Run Turnpike Later Baltimore, Rock Run and Philadelphia Turnpike		Baltimore - Rock Run - Pennsylvania ; several branches to the south	Unbuilt	-
William's-Port and Boonsborough Turnpike		Boonsboro - Williamsport	Unbuilt	-
Elkton and Susquehanna Bridge Turnpike		Elkton - Rock Run	Unbuilt	-
Potomac Turnpike		Oldtown - Cumberland	Unbuilt	-
Conowingo Turnpike		Conowingo - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Rock Run and Brick Meeting-House Turnpike		Port Deposit - Calvert - Delaware	Unbuilt	-
Rockville and William's-Port Turnpike		Rockville - Crampton's Gap - Williamsport	Unbuilt	-
Rockville and Washington Turnpike		Rockville - District of Columbia	Unbuilt	-
Williams-Port Turnpike		Boonsboro - Williamsport - point on the Cumberland Turnpike	Unbuilt	-
Williams-Port and Cumberland Turnpike		Williamsport - Stone Quarry Ridge	Unbuilt	-
Hager's-Town and Antietam Turnpike		Hagerstown - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Hagers-town and Boonsborough Turnpike		Hagerstown - Funkstown - Boonsboro	Unbuilt	-
Skipton Turnpike		Potomac River - Oldtown - Cumberland	Unbuilt	-
Hancock Turnpike		Hancock - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Hunting Ridge Turnpike			Unbuilt	-
Frederick and Harper's Ferry Turnpike		Frederick - Harpers Ferry	Unbuilt	-
Rockrun Turnpike		Point on the Baltimore and Havre-de-Grace Turnpike - Rock Run - Delaware	Unbuilt	-
Susquehannah and Elkton Turnpike		Perryville - Elkton	Unbuilt	-
Conewingo and Wilmington Turnpike		Conowingo - Delaware	Unbuilt	-
Port Deposit and Columbia Turnpike		Port Deposit - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Port Deposit and Chesapeake Turnpike		Port Deposit - Chesapeake City	Unbuilt	-
Frederick and Emmitsburg Turnpike		Frederick - Emmitsburg - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Somerset and Cumberland Turnpike		Pennsylvania - Cumberland	Unbuilt	-
Clear Spring and Canal Turnpike		Clear Spring - Chesapeake and Ohio Canal	Unbuilt	-
Frederick and Smithsburg Turnpike		Frederick - Smithsburg - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Northern Turnpike		Westminster - Taneytown - Emmitsburg - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	Originally part of the Westminster, Taney-Town and Emmittsburg Turnpike
Hagerstown and Waynesboro Turnpike		Hagerstown - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Western Trade Turnpike		Point on the National Road west of Cumberland - point on the Northwestern Turnpike	Unbuilt	-
Cumberland and Bedford Turnpike		Cumberland - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
George's Creek Mining Company's turnpike		Georges Creek - point on the National Road between Frostburg and Cumberland	Unbuilt	-
North Branch and Cacapon Turnpike		West Virginia - Cumberland	Unbuilt	-
Mercersville and Antietam Turnpike		Mercersville - Funkstown	Unbuilt	-
Boonsboro and Ridgeville Turnpike		Boonsboro - Cavetown - Smithsburg - Blue Mountain - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Jennings' Valley Rail Road and Turnpike		Frostburg - Locust Grove	Unbuilt	-
Catoctin Valley Turnpike		Middletown - Chesapeake and Ohio Canal	Unbuilt	-
Maryland and Virginia Turnpike		Point on the National Road west of Cumberland - point on the Northwestern Turnpike	Unbuilt	-
Frostburg and the Valley of Jenning's Run Turnpike		Frostburg - Mount Savage Iron Works	Unbuilt	-
Black Rock Turnpike			Unbuilt	-
Woodsborough Turnpike		Ceresville - Woodsboro	Unbuilt	-
Frederick and Smithsburg Road		Frederick - Leitersburg	Unbuilt	-
Weaverton and Boonsborough Turnpike		Weverton - Boonsboro	Unbuilt	-
Wills' Creek Turnpike		Corriganville - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Mechanicstown, Harbaugh's Valley and Pennsylvania Line Turnpike		Thurmont - Sabillasville - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Savage River Road		Allegany County	Unbuilt	-
Old Road Turnpike		Baltimore - Ellicott City	Unbuilt	-
Liberty and Franklin Plank or Turnpike Road Later Gwinn's Falls Turnpike			Unbuilt	-
Smithsburg and Beaver Creek Turnpike		Boonsboro - Smithsburg - Blue Mountain - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Kellville and Joppa Cross Roads Turnpike		Southeast to Joppa	Unbuilt	-
Doughoregan and Montgomery Plank or Turnpike Road		Point on the Baltimore and Frederick-town Turnpike - Glenelg - point on the Union Plank or Turnpike Road	Unbuilt	-
Harford Turnpike		Conowingo - Bel Air	Unbuilt	-
Bloomingdale Turnpike			Unbuilt	-
Williamsport and Mercersburg Turnpike		Williamsport - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Frankville Road		Frankville - Accident - west of Grantsville	Unbuilt	-
Frostburg and Westernport Plank Road		Frostburg - Westernport	Unbuilt	-
Bel-Air and Hickory Turnpike		Bel Air - Hickory	Unbuilt	-
Fairview and Funkstown Turnpike		Northeast of Williamsport - Funkstown	Unbuilt	-
Knoxville and Middletown Road		Knoxville - Middletown	Unbuilt	-
Hillen Road		Baltimore - Towson	Unbuilt	-
Hancock and Warfordsburg Turnpike or Plank Road		Pennsylvania - Hancock	Unbuilt	-
Bel-Air and Lagrange Turnpike		Bel Air - Lagrange Iron Works	Unbuilt	-
White Hall, Jarrettsville and La Grange Turnpike		White Hall - Jarrettsville - Lagrange Iron Works	Unbuilt	-
Towsontown Plank Road		Baltimore - Towson	Unbuilt	-
New Cut Turnpike			Unbuilt	-
Bel Air and Frogtown Turnpike		Bel Air - Frogtown	Unbuilt	-
Westernport and Frostburg Turnpike		Westernport - Frostburg	Unbuilt	-
Western Avenue		Baltimore - Catonsville	Unbuilt	-
Carrollton Avenue		Baltimore - Patapsco Falls	Unbuilt	-
Libertytown and Ridgeville Turnpike		Libertytown - Unionville - Mount Airy	Unbuilt	-
Uniontown Turnpike		Uniontown - "the completed terminus of the Westminster and Hagerstown Turnpike"	Unbuilt	-
Rocks of Deer Creek Turnpike		Rocks of Deer Creek - Little Gunpowder Falls	Unbuilt	-
Howard and Montgomery Turnpike		South of Ellicott City - Clarksville - Unity	Unbuilt	-
Leitersburg and Ringold Turnpike		Leitersburg - Ringgold	Unbuilt	-
Woodsborough and Pipe Creek Turnpike		Woodsboro - Middleburg - Union Bridge	Unbuilt	-
Dulany's Valley and Little Falls Turnpike			Unbuilt	-
Magnolia and Stockton Turnpike		Magnolia - Stockton	Unbuilt	-
Monocacy and Montgomery Turnpike		Monocacy National Battlefield - Rockville	Unbuilt	-
Union Bridge and Unionville Turnpike Later Union Bridge Turnpike		Union Bridge - Unionville	Unbuilt, except for a short section at Union Bridge, sold to the Liberty and Pipe Creek Turnpike in 1872	-
Crumpton and Long Marsh Turnpike		Crumpton - Long Marsh	Unbuilt	-
Warren and My Lady's Manor Turnpike			Unbuilt	-
Ellicott's Mills and Elysville Turnpike		Ellicott City - Elysville	Unbuilt	-
Leitersburg and Smithsburg Turnpike		Leitersburg - Smithsburg	Unbuilt	-
Western Run and Reisterstown Turnpike		Cockeysville - Reisterstown	Unbuilt	-
Deer Park Turnpike			Unbuilt	-
Monrovia and Libertytown Turnpike		Monrovia - Libertytown	Unbuilt	-
Westminster and Oakland Turnpike		Westminster - Eldersburg	Unbuilt	-
Wood Point and Broad Fording Turnpike		Wood Point - Pennsylvania	Unbuilt	-
Prince George's County Central Turnpike		District of Columbia - Queen Anne	Unbuilt	-
District of Columbia, Upper Marlboro and Hill's Landing Turnpike		District of Columbia - Forestville - Centreville - Upper Marlboro - Hill's Landing	Unbuilt	-
Westminster and Bird Hill Turnpike		Westminster - Bird Hill	Unbuilt	-
West Friendship and Linden Turnpike		West Friendship - Linden	Unbuilt	-
Fallston Turnpike		White House - Fallston - Magnolia	Unbuilt	-
Uniontown and Linwood Turnpike		Uniontown - Linwood	Unbuilt	-
Unionville and Union Bridge Turnpike		Unionville - Union Bridge	Unbuilt	-
Annapolis Road Turnpike		Baltimore - Annapolis	Unbuilt	-