List of durian diseases and pests

Durians are an agricultural product affected by many plant pathogens and pests. Most of the information here concerns Durio zibethinus, the major commercial species, but a dozen species in the genus Durio are edible durians, and several of those are also grown commercially and these diseases can concern them as well.

Algae

algal leaf spot, red rust

Animals

Vertebrates

These are animals that eat or destroy durian fruit or trees. Many of these are shot or poisoned by farmers. Some of these species naturally act as seed dispersers, which benefits the plant but does not benefit farmers.

Invertebrates

Most of these are arthropods, but nematodes and gastropods are also of concern.

Arthropods

Acrocercops sp.
Adoretus sp.
Allocarsidara malayensis
"durian psyllid" ; also Diclidophlebia sp. in the Philippines
leaf roller
durian leaf hopper
shining leaf chafer
cotton aphid
Apogonia sp.
leaf eating beetle
leaf roller
leaf eating
leaf eating
coconut scale
leaf scale
*Asterolecaniam ungulata
flower webber Autoba versicolor
stem borer
borer
sap beetle
*sap beetle
Cephonodes ?higlas
longhorn beetle larvae
Chalcoscelis albiguttata -pest of leaves
leaf eating, gelatine grub
scale insect
scale insect, soft scale
durian fruit borer, durian husk borer, yellow peach moth, Queensland bollworm
trunk borer, secondary infection after Phytophthora palmivora
leaf eating bagworm
litchi fruit moth, macadamia nut borer
Indo-Malaysian drywood termite
leaf mining grub
durian hawkmoth
leaf eating tussock moth
tussock moth
tussock moth
Drosophila punctpennis
leaf eating caterpillar
African red mite, citrus brown mite
oriental red mite
cotton leaf roller
cotton boll worm
horned treehopper
leaf roller moth
leaf roller moth
leaf roller moth
flower eating moth
leaf eating weevil
durian fruit borer
Stem scale insect
Idiophantis chiridota
termite, specifically lumber of Durio carinatus
Lacifer javanus
powderpost beetle
leaf eating caterpillar
coconut case worm
thrip
Microtermes pallidus
hairy powderpost beetle, recorded on Durio lowianus and Durio oxleyanus
Monolepta bifasciata
durian seed borer
durian seed borer
Nodostoma sp.
mite
Orthaga semialba
cocoa tussock moth
tussock moth
longan leaf-eating looper
leaf eating caterpillar
Paralecanium expansum
Paralecanium vacuum
Phenacaspis hedyoticlis
Phostria nicoalis
Phostria xipharesalis
durian seed and fruit borer
coffee mealybug
mealybug
ambrosia beetle
Platypus cupulatus
weevil
red coffee borer, red branch borer
up-country tea termite
mealybug
flower eating moth
fruit eating moth
Rhadinomerus sp.
stem borer
scale insect, soft scale insect
Scheloribates sp.
chilli thrips
Seira jacobsoni
leaf eating caterpillar
leaf eating
bark feeder
*Squamura maculata
leaf eating
Sylepta bipunctalis
Synanthedon sp.
Tenaphalara malayensis
mite '
thrips
thrips
oil palm bunch moth
fruit boring caterpillar
leaf eating caterpillar
durian rind borer, fruit borer
citrus aphid
mould mite
Xyleborus cordatus
Xyleborus declivigranulatus
typical bark beetle
tea shot hole borer
Xyleborus formicatus
Xyleborus similis
Xyleborus testsceus
borer

Other invertebrates

spiral nematode Helicotylenchus sp.
giant African snail
Macroposthonia sp.
root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp.
lesion nematode Pratylenchus sp.
*hypocotyl rot
Radopholus sp.
reniform nematode Rotylenchulus reniformis
stunt nematode Tylenchorhynchus sp.
dagger nematode Xiphinema sp.

Bacteria

stem canker
postharvest fruit rot
stem canker
stem canker

Fungi

Fungi affect both the tree before harvest and the fruit after harvest. Some listed species may only cause cosmetic damage, or the association is unknown.

stem rot
Sclerotium fruit rot
leaf fungus
secondary/opportunistic fruit rot
stem rot
Calonectria kyotensis
secondary/opportunistic fruit rot
sooty mold
leaf spot
seedling dieback
leaf anthracnose, root rot
*Colletotrichum durionis
*Colletotrichum zibethinum
Coriolus vesicolor
leaf spot and dieback
leaf blotch
Curvularia sp.
leaf spot
scion dieback
*die back
root disease
*Fusarium fruit rot, stem rot
*Fusarium oxysporum
twig blight
Ganoderma pseudoferreus
Geotrichum candidum
secondary/opportunistic fruit rot
Gliocephalotrichum bulbilium
leaf spot
*anthracnose
leaf anthracnose and leaf spot ?
black and brown leaf spot
Lasiodiplodia sp.
Diplodia fruit rot - can also cause dieback and leaf scorch
Lentinus subnudus
sooty mold
Macrophomina phaseolina
thread blight
black mildew, sooty mould
Metacapnodium dennisii
sooty mold
Mucor rot, fruit rot
leaf spot
bark rot
powdery mildew
*powdery mildew
leaf mould Passalora fulva
seedling dieback
leaf spot
pink disease/cendawan angin
leaf spot
*Phomopsis leaf spot, Phomopsis fruit rot, branch and stem necrosis, leaf spot of seedlings
sooty mould of fruits, twigs, and leaves
Phyllachora makrospora
seedling rim blight, leaf spot, postharvest fruit rot
*rim blight, leaf spot
leaf parasite
Plokamidomyces colensoi
black crust of fruit, leaf mould, sooty mold
postharvest fruit rot
leaf spot
leaf blight, leaf fall
*Rhizoctonia leaf blight, leaf fall, foliar blight, leaf rot
Rhizopus sp.
*Rhizopus rot, fruit rot
wood rot, white root disease
Typhula sp.
sooty mold
leaf mould
Trametes persoonii
sooty mould of twigs, petioles, and leaves
black film on leaves, sooty mold
sooty mold Tripospermum sp.
scion dieback
Verticillium sp.

Oomycetes

Oomycetes are often confused with fungi.

Phytophthora botryosa
leaf blight
Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica
bark rot, fruit rot, hypocotyl rot, patch canker, root rot
Phytophthora parasitica
root rot
*Pythium root rot, patch canker, root disease (Pythium vexans syn. Pythium complectens, ''Phytopythium vexans''

Plants

Some plants growing on durian trees can be problematic or even parasitic.

dragon scales
mistletoe
mistletoe

Non-pathogenic epiphytes and symbiotes

These species live on or in durian trees as epiphytes but typically do not harm the tree or fruit. However, Trentepohlia species can grow thick enough to block lenticels and inhibit ramiflorous flowering.

Aschersonia placentae
Diploicia canescens Anderson
strangling fig Anderson
Hypocrella raciborskii
Parmelia sp.
Phycopeltis
Pleurococcus
*Pleurococcus nagelii
Trebouxia
Trentepohlia sp.
*Trentepohlia arboreum
*Trentepohlia arborum
*Trentepohlia aurea
*Trentepohlia monile
Velvet felt, felt fungus

Hyperparasites and secondary associations

Hyperparasitism is when durian parasites become the hosts for other parasites.

Aschersonia placenta is a pest of Asterolecanium ungulata
Bionectria ochroleuca is associated with Albonectria rigidiuscula
Gliocladium roseum is a parasite of Phytophthora palmivora
Hypocrella raciborskii is a pest of Asterolecanium ungulata
Loranthus ferrugineus can parasitize Viscum articulatum, which can be a parasite of Elytranthe barnesii
Nectria haemalococca is associated with ''Albonectria rigidiuscula''