List of South African flags
This article lists the flags of the various colonies and states that have existed in South Africa since 1652, as well as other flags pertaining to South Africa, including governmental, military, police and provincial flags.
Overview
The following flags have been used as the national flag of the Union of South Africa and the Republic of South Africa:| Flag | Date | Description |
| 1910–1957 | Blue field on which the Cross of Saint Andrew counterchanged with the Cross of Saint Patrick, over all the Cross of Saint George fimbriated. | |
| 1910–1912 | A British Red Ensign with the shield of the coat of arms of the Union of South Africa. | |
| 1912–1928 | A British Red Ensign with the shield of the coat of arms of the Union of South Africa on a white roundel. | |
| Flag of South Africa 1928–1994 | Orange, white, and blue horizontal stripes, on the white stripe, a backwards Union Flag towards the hoist, the Orange Free State flag hanging vertically and the flag of the South African Republic, towards the fly. Used for both the Union and later Republic of South Africa | |
| Flag of South Africa 1994–present | Two horizontal bands of chilli red and blue with a black triangle at the hoist, over all a green horizontal , fimbriated white against the red and blue and gold against the black. |
History
Historical flags (1652–1928)
- Many flags were used in South Africa prior to political unification in 1910.
- The original Dutch East India Company colony at the Cape of Good Hope flew the Dutch flag, with the VOC logo in the centre. This flag was also flown during the period of Batavian Republic rule.
- The Boer Republics, i.e. the Orange Free State, the South African Republic, Stellaland, Goshen, the Nieuwe Republiek, and the Klein Vrystaat had their own flags. Several derived from the Dutch flag.
- The British colonies that existed in the 19th century flew the British flags, and from the early 1870s some, i.e. Natal, Cape Colony, and later the Orange River Colony and the Transvaal, added their own colonial flag badges.
- The Union of South Africa, formed in 1910, initially used a red ensign defaced with a badge depicting the Union coat of arms. The first South African national flag, introduced in 1928, superseded it.
| Flag | Date | Use | Description |
| 1652-1795 | The Prince's Flag | A horizontal triband of orange, white and blue. | |
| 1652-1795 | States Flag | A horizontal triband of red, white and blue. The blue is a lighter shade than that of the current national flag | |
| 1652-1795, 1803-1806 | Flag of the Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie | ||
| 1795-1801 | Flag of the Kingdom of Great Britain | the Flags of England and Scotland superimposed. | |
| 1801-1803 | Union Jack | The flag was used in the occupation of The Dutch Cape Colony until 1803, only to be reintroduced in 1806. | |
| 1803-1806 | Flag of the Batavian Republic | A horizontal triband of red, white and blue with the Republic’s emblem in the canton. | |
| 1839-1843 | Natalia Republic | ||
| 1857-1902 | Orange Free State | ||
| 1857-74, 1875-77, 1881–1902 | South African Republic | ||
| 1870-71 | Flag of the Diggers' Republic | ||
| 1870-71 | Flag of the Diggers' Republic | ||
| 1874–1875 | South African Republic | . A red saltire outlined in white on a dark blue field. | |
| 1875–1910 | Colony of Natal | ||
| 1876–1910 | Cape Colony | A blue ensign defaced with the shield-of-arms of Cape Colony | |
| 1883–1885 | State of Goshen | ||
| 1883 | Stellaland | ||
| 1883–1885 | Stellaland | ||
| 1884–1888 | Nieuwe Republiek | ||
| 1890–1891 | Klein Vrystaat | ||
| 1902–1910 | Orange River Colony | A blue ensign defaced with a springbok antelope in a disc | |
| 1904–1910 | Transvaal Colony | A blue ensign defaced with a disc showing a lion lying on an African plain with palm trees. | |
| 1910–1912 | Union of South Africa | ||
| 1912–1951 | Union of South Africa | ||
| 1910–1928 | Union of South Africa |
National flags (1928–1994)
- The Hertzog administration introduced the flag after several years of political controversy. Approved by Parliament in 1927, it was first hoisted on 31 May 1928.
- The flag reflected the Union's predecessors. The basis was the Prince's Flag of the Netherlands, with the addition of a Union Jack to represent the Cape and Natal, the former Orange Free state flag, and the former South African Republic flag.
- Until 1957, the flag was flown subordinate to the British Union Jack.
- The flag remained unchanged when South Africa became a republic on 31 May 1961.
| Flag | Date | Use | Description |
| 1910–1957 | Union of South Africa | The flag was a co-official flag until 1957 when the flag of the Union of South Africa became the sole official flag. | |
| 1928–1982 | Republic/Union of South Africa | The flag using a darker shade of "Union" blue common before the early 1980s. | |
| 1982–1994 | Republic of South Africa | The flag using a lighter shade of "Solway" blue as specified by the South African government in 1982. |
Homeland flags (1966–1994)
- Nine of the ten Black 'homelands' which were created inside South African Federation under the apartheid system, had their own flags, i.e. Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Ciskei, Gazankulu, Venda, Lebowa, QwaQwa, KwaZulu, and KwaNdebele. KaNgwane was the only homeland that never adopted its own distinctive flag, instead using the national flag of South Africa.
- All these flags became obsolete when South Africa reincorporated the homelands on 27 April 1994.
| Flag | Date | Use | Description |
| 1966–1994 | Transkei | ||
| 1973–1994 | Bophuthatswana | ||
| 1973–1994 | Ciskei | ||
| 1973–1994 | Gazankulu | ||
| 1973–1994 | Venda | ||
| 1974–1994 | Lebowa | ||
| 1975–1994 | QwaQwa | ||
| 1977–1985 | KwaZulu | ||
| 1982–1994 | KwaNdebele | ||
| 1985-1994 | KwaZulu |
Sporting flags (1992–1994)
As a result of the sporting boycott of South Africa over its policy of apartheid, South Africa did not participate in the Olympic Games between 1964 and 1988. The country was re-admitted to the Olympic movement in 1991. As a result of a dispute over what flag and national anthem to use following readmission, the team participated in the 1992 Summer Olympic Games under the National Olympic Committee flag. The flag consisted of a white field charged with grey diamond, which represented the countries mineral wealth, three cascading bands of blue, red and green, which represented the sea, the land and agriculture respectively and the Olympic rings. This flag was also used to represent the South African team at the 1992 Summer Paralympics. Team uniforms included the emblem of Olympic Committee of South Africa, which depicted Olympic rings surrounded by olive branches, with the name of the country above. The team would use Beethoven's "Ode to Joy" as its victory anthem at these games. At the 1994 Winter Games, South Africa participated under the flag of its Olympic committee.National flag (1994–present)
- South Africa was reconstituted as a unitary democratic state, with equal rights for men and women of all races in 1994. The old flag's long association with the apartheid era made it unacceptable for the new dispensation, and the State Herald, Frederick Brownell therefore designed a new flag. Approved by the Transitional Executive Council on 20 March 1994, and officially authorised by state president F. W. de Klerk on 20 April 1994, it was officially hoisted a week later, on 27 April 1994.
- The new flag was intended as an interim measure, but it proved so popular that when the final Constitution was prepared in 1996, it became the permanent flag.
| Flag | Date | Use | Description |
| 1994-present | Republic of South Africa |