List of ancient Corsican and Sardinian tribes
This is a list of ancient Corsican and Sardinian tribes, listed in order of ethnic kinship or the general area in which they lived. Some closely fit the concept of a tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes.
Overview
Before the Roman conquest in the 3rd century BC, the islands of Corsica and Sardinia were inhabited by three main peoples or ethnic groups, the Corsi, the Balares, and the Ilienses, each of them divided into several tribes. With the Roman conquest, the province of Sardinia and Corsica was created, becoming the second province of the Roman Republic to be created after that of Sicily.The ethnic and linguistic affiliation of the Nuragic people and tribes remains to be further studied, moreover "Nuragic" might have also been a geographical and historical name designating different peoples and languages, rather than indicating a single origin. Current knowledge indicates that they may have been related to the Iberians and the ancient Basque: these peoples were Pre-Indo-Europeans and spoke Pre-Indo-European languages, Proto-Basque and Iberian. There is also the possibility that the Nuragic peoples may have been related to the Etruscans and other Tyrsenian peoples and languages. One of the Sea Peoples may have been either a population hailing from Sardinia or a group of tribes that migrated to the island in the Late Bronze Age.
If the Corsi, dwelling in Corsica and in the northernmost tip of Sardinia, were a subset of the Ligurians and a group of tribes, then they would have been of a different ethnic and linguistic affiliation from the majority of the tribes of Sardinia.
The ancient Sardinian and Corsican tribes are the ancestors of most present-day native Sardinians and Corsicans, and their language or languages, like Paleo-Sardinian and Paleo-Corsican, are the substrate of the modern Sardinian and Corsican languages, now part of the Neo-Latin branch.
Ancient Corsican and Sardinian tribes
Paleo-Corsicans
- Ligures
- *Corsi
- **Belatones
- **Cervini
- **Cilebenses
- **Corsi Proper, they dwelt at the far north-east of Sardinia, near the Tibulati and immediately north of the Coracenses.
- **Cumanenses / Cumasenes
- **Lestricones / Lestrigones
- **Licinini
- **Longonenses
- **Macrini
- **Opini
- **Subasani
- **Sumbri
- **Tarabeni
- **Tibulati, they dwelt at the far northern Sardinia, about the ancient city of Tibula, near the Corsi and immediately north of the Coracenses.
- **Titiani
- **Venacini
Paleo-Sardinians
- Balares '
- *Buduntini
- *Coracenses, they dwelt south of the Tibulati and the Corsi and north of the Carenses and the Cunusitani
- *Giddilitani
- *Lucuidonenses / Luquidonenses / Lugudonenses / Liguidonenses, they dwelt south of the Carenses and the Cunusitani and north of the Æsaronenses
- *Nurritani, in Nurra territory
- *Perfugae / Perfugae Balares
- *Turritani
- *Uddadhaddaritani / Uddhadaddhar(itani) Numisiarum
- Ilienses / Iolaes / Diagesbes '
- *Acconites
- *Aechilenenses / Aichilenses / Cornenses / Cornenses Pelliti
- *Aesaronenses / Aisaronenses
- *Alcitani
- *Alticientes / Altic(ienses)
- *Barbaricini
- *Barsanes
- *Beronicenses
- *Bulgares
- *Campani
- *Caralitani
- *Carenses, they dwelt south of the Coracenses and north of the Salcitani and the Lucuidonenses.
- *Celes(itani) / Celsitani, they dwelt south of the Rucensi and north of the Scapitani and the Siculensi.
- *Corpicenses, they dwelt south of the Rucensi and north of the Scapitani and the Siculensi.
- *Cunusitani / Cusin(itani), they dwelt south of the Coracenses and north of the Salcitani and the Lucuidonenses.
- *Euthychiani
- *Fifenses
- *Galillenses
- *Hypsitani
- *Ilienses / Iolei / Pelliti / Sardi Pelliti
- *Lesitani
- *Maltamonenses
- *Martenses
- *Mauri, in an area of far southwestern Sardinia
- *Moddol(...)
- *Muthon(enses)
- *Neapolitani, they dwelt north of the Sulcitani and the Noritani.
- *Noritani / Norenses, they dwelt at the extreme south part of the island, immediately south of the Neapolitani and the Valentini
- *Nurrenses
- *Parati
- *Patulcenses
- *Patulcii / Patulci
- *Rubrenses / Rubri / Rubrinses
- *Rucenses, they dwelt south of the Æchilenenses and north of the Celsitani and the Corpicenses
- *Salcitani, they dwelt south of the Carenses and the Cunusitani and north of the Æsaronenses.
- *Sarrapitani
- *Scapitani, they dwelt south of the Celsitani and the Corpicenses and north of the Neapolitani and the Valentini
- *Semilitenses / Maltamonenses
- *Siculenses, they dwelt south of the Celsitani and the Corpicenses and north of the Neapolitani and the Valentini.
- *Sossinates
- *Sulcitani / Solcitani, they dwelt at the extreme south part of Sardinia, immediately south of the Neapolitani and the Valentini
- *Uterini
- *Uthicenses / Uthikenses / Othocenses
- *Valentini, they dwelt south of the Scapitani and the Siculensi and north of the Solcitani and the Noritani.
- *Vitenses
- *rarri misiaru