Limoniinae
Limoniinae is a subfamily of limoniid crane flies in the family Limoniidae. There are more than 30 genera and 3,700 described species in Limoniinae, found worldwide.
Like other Limoniid crane flies, most species in the Limoniinae subfamily rest with their wings folded along their body, instead of extended as with many large crane flies.
Genera
These 38 genera belong to the subfamily Limoniinae:Achyrolimonia Alexander, 1965Amphilimnobia Alexander, 1920Antocha Osten Sacken, 1860Araucoxenia Alexander, 1969Atypophthalmus Brunetti, 1911Collessophila Theischinger, 1994Dapanoptera Westwood, 1881Degeneromyia Alexander, 1956Dicranomyia Stephens, 1829Dicranoptycha Osten Sacken, 1860Discobola Osten Sacken, 1865Elephantomyia Osten Sacken, 1860Elliptera Schiner, 1863Geranomyia Haliday, 1833Helius Lepeletier & Serville, 1828Lechria Skuse, 1890Libnotes Westwood, 1876Limnorimarga Alexander, 1945Limonia Meigen, 1803Lipsothrix Loew, 1873Metalimnobia Matsumura, 1911Neolimonia Alexander, 1964Orimarga Osten Sacken, 1869Orosmya Rondani, 1856Pelosia Rondani, 1856Platylimnobia Alexander, 1917Protohelius Alexander, 1928Rhipidia Meigen, 1818Spyloptera Rondani, 1856Taiwanina Alexander, 1928Thaumastoptera Mik, 1866Thrypticomyia Skuse, 1890Tipulina Motschulsky, 1859Tonnoiromyia Alexander, 1926Toxorhina Loew, 1850Trentepohlia Bigot, 1854Trichoneura Loew, 1850 Xenolimnobia Alexander, 1926
Ecology
Most larvae within the subfamily Limoniinae are saprophagous, developing in and feeding on decaying vegetation and associated microorganisms. However, certain lineages, including Limnophila and its relatives, are predatory or occasionally frugivorous. Larvae of Limoniinae occupy a range of ecological niches but are most commonly found in thin, flowing films of water enriched with algae.