Lake Unagi is within the larger and older Ata Caldera and technically its water fills in Unagi maar. Shortly after the Ikeda Caldera forming eruption of 4800years ago a fissure vent line southeast of the caldera evolved that produced the maar eruption that formed Lake Unagi and then the pumiceous Yamagawa base surge. Ikezoko maar is more proximal in the vent line from the Ikeda Caldera to the north. Narikawa maar is to the south, between Unagi maar and the Yamagawa maar which is partially backfilled by the sea.