Lake Kanyaboli
Lake Kanyaboli is the largest oxbow lake in Kenya and the second largest in Africa, formed after River Yala disconnected from its course at the meander stage, leaving behind a U-shaped lake. The lake is found in Siaya County in western Kenya and is home to a variety of fish species that have almost disappeared from Lake Victoria, the country's largest freshwater lake.
Location
The Yala Swamp at the mouth of the Yala River covers about along the northern shore of Lake Victoria.The swamp contains Lake Kanyaboli, a freshwater deltaic wetland with an average depth of, which is fed by the floodwaters of the Nzoia and Yala rivers and by the backflow of water from Lake Victoria.
In the past the Yala River flowed through the eastern 20% of the Yala Swamp into Lake Kanyaboli, then into the main swamp, and then through a small gulf into Lake Victoria.
Today the eastern part of the swamp has been drained, and the river flows directly into the main swamp.
It is cut off from Lake Kanyaboli by a silt-clay dyke.
Lake Kanyaboli now receives its water from the surrounding catchment area and from back-seepage from the swamp.
Ecological value
Lake Kanyaboli provides a refuge for several species of fish, some of which are no longer present in Lake Victoria.The introduction of the Nile perch to Lake Victoria caused an ecological disaster which threatens to destroy the ecosystem of the lake.
In the past the lake fishermen caught hundreds of species of fish, many of which were endemic.
Today they rely on the Silver cyprinid locally known as "Omena" or "Dagaa" among East African communities, the Nile Perch and the Nile tilapia.
In 1988 the World Conservation Union listed hundreds of the endemic fish species as Endangered.
Some of these fish are still thriving in Lake Kanyaboli, including several unknown Haplochromis species, Singida tilapia and Victoria tilapia.