Angan languages
The Angan or Kratke Range languages are a family of the Trans–New Guinea languages in the classification of Malcolm Ross. The Angan languages are clearly valid as a family. They were first identified as such by J. Lloyd and A. Healey in 1968; Wurm classified them as Trans–New Guinea. Glottolog treats Angan as a separate or unclassified family, ignoring further evidence.
The languages are spoken in the Kratke Range of Eastern [Highlands Province] and adjoining areas of Gulf Province and Morobe Province.
Languages
Ross classifies the languages as follows:- Angan
- * Angaatiha
- * Angan proper
- ** Angan branch A:
- *** Hamtai
- *** Kamasa
- *** Kawatsa
- *** Menya
- *** Yagwoia
- ** Angan branch B:
- *** Akoye
- *** Yipma
- *** Safeyoka
- *** Simbari
- *** Susuami
- *** Tainae
Usher is both more agnostic and contradicting of Ross's 'A' and 'B' branches:
- Kratke Range
- * Angaataha
- * Yagwoia
- * Northeast: Kamasa, Kawacha, Safeyoka, Susuami
- * Northwest: Baruya, Simbari
- * Southeast: Hamtai, Menya
- * Southwest: Akoye – Tainae, Angave
Many Angan languages are covered by phonological sketches in Lloyd.
Pronouns
Ross reconstructs the pronouns as follows:Vocabulary comparison
The following basic vocabulary words are from the Trans-New Guinea database:The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate or not.
| gloss | Ankave | Akoye | Baruya | Hamtai | Kamasa | Kawacha | Menya | Safeyoka | Simbari | Tainae | Yagwoia | Angaataha |
| head | mɨnga | mɨnggaaya | mɨnyagɨnya | mnga | magɨna | munakɨna | mnyanga | mɨnakɨna | minta | mɨnggaai | mnakɨna | mɨtɨ-'o |
| hair | nda'a | n̩daa | mɨjata | mta | njisa | msa'a | mta; nda | mɨsa | mindata | ṃde | msaasa | mɨsis-a'a |
| ear | haara'a | araa | kadɨka | qata | kata'a | kaatɨga | qata | haaraha | kaantɨka | aarɨ | qatisa | atɨ'-ɨrɨ |
| eye | sɨmu | aagwaai | tɨnna | hingo | tuma | tɨmma | hingwa | tɨma | sɨmta | haagwe | hina | nt-a'a |
| nose | sɨ'ma | hamɨ | sɨnna | hima | sipata | lɨpasi | hima | zamaana | sɨmputa | hamɨ | himsa | mant-a'a |
| tooth | maangɨ | maaga | maanga | maanga | maanga | maanga | heqwaanga | maanga | maanka | maage | maana | mank-ɨrɨ |
| tongue | aai'wɨ | aabgwa; aavwia | taalɨta | aaiwa | tewa | teva | tewa | meraanya | kwaavlɨlɨ | aaveona | hyaalsa | omas-a'a |
| leg | sugwaaviaga | avga | sɨvɨla | yanga | sugwa | lɨvya | zuka | zɨve | sɨwla | habgu' | kwapɨtwalyɨ | au'-ɨrɨ |
| louse | iya | ye | yɨle | iyaa'aa | iya | iya | yaaqa | iyaa | ila | nde' | ila | akɨrɨ-'o |
| dog | sɨwia | tayo | jɨlɨka | hive'aa | suya | lɨvaaya | hivyeqa | zɨwasa | njɨlɨka | tɨyo | wakyɨ | su'-ɨrɨ |
| bird | inga | inko | yuta | inga | manɨwa | mɨnavaaya | yinga | yɨhuva | ntaqatɨ | inko | qaikwɨsa | ko-'o |
| egg | ki'mɨnga | m̩ge | kwaraka | mnga | hi'imɨya | mɨnya | qwi | mɨna | pantapta | ṃge'; munke' | mna | kwaatani-patɨ; nameraa-'o |
| blood | taangga | taagi | tawe | hinge'aa | kwe | langaaya | hangeqa | saahana; yaa'mpaza | mɨnjaaka | taagi' | msaasa | nsɨtɨ-patɨ |
| bone | enga' | yanggai | yagɨnya | yanga | yakina | yakɨna | yaanga | yakana | yankinta | yɨnggai | yekɨna | antɨ-tatɨ |
| skin | yaraa | yara | kɨlaaka | hewa | pa'a | paa | hviwa | paaha | kɨlaaka | yarana | aa'mosa | ampɨ-patɨ |
| breast | aamunga | aamɨgo | aawɨnya | aamga | aanya | aamɨna | aangwa | aamna | aamɨnta | aamugo' | aamna | amwɨtɨ'-ɨrɨ |
| tree | ika' | iga' | ita | iya | isa | iga | iya | iya | ika | igya | isa | i-patɨ |
| man | oga | avo; waako | kwala | qoka | kwe'wa | kwe; kwoyava | qoka | hwe | kwala | avo | kwala | wo-'o |
| woman | aavagi | abaagi | bala | aapaka | amaa | a'me; api | apaka | ape | aampala | avaagi | aapala | apop-aatɨ |
| sun | sanggwa | avgwo | nyɨla | mapa | mape | mapiya | mapa | mape | kwɨnja; nilya | habgo' | mapya | ipɨ-'o |
| moon | ema' | aamnggo | langwa | qaamnga | ki'yapa | kaamɨna | qaangwa | haamna | lampaaka | imo' | lamnyɨ | waatɨ-'o |
| water | yɨnunggu | inaaga | aalya | e'aa | kwe | aaya | eqa | aaya | aalya; wanya | naagu | aalyɨ | wapo'-o |
| fire | ta'a | ta | dɨka | ta | ta'a | tɨga | ta | tɨha | ntɨka | taa | tɨsa | sis-a'a |
| stone | sa'anga | andaga | sɨla | hawa | tega | laasa | hika | zasa | sɨla | haai | hekyɨ | naw-a'a |
| name | avaa'nankana | ntaga | yaya | yav'a | nyanyaawo | yavya | yavqa | yave | yavata | taagɨ | yawyɨ | ampɨ-patɨ |
| eat | n̲eo' | n̲amda' | n̲ɨwa' | qan̲'i | inyo | minyo | an̲ki | haṉkaha | an̲aantapyɨ | nɨmda' | hisa n̲aatana | nanataise |
| one | naawona | fonu' | pɨrɨ' | fati | hunanɨnko | uwa'na | hɨnkwona | ingava'na | pɨrɨ'mɨna | fono | hɨnkwa'na | nas- |
| two | uwa | faaina | pɨrɨwaai | hivaa'u | hukwego | huvaa'u | hɨnqwaaqwo | huvaa'u | pɨvɨraalna | foya | hulwaaqwɨ | ya- |