Kenyah languages
The Kenyah languages are a group of half a dozen or so closely related languages spoken by the Kenyah peoples of Borneo. They are:
Ethnologue says that the Punan–Nibong languages are related to Uma’ Lasan, Glottolog that they are outside the Kenyah languages.
Classification
Soriente proposes a Kayan-Kenyah grouping.- Proto–Kayan-Kenyah
- *Kenyah
- **Upper Pujungan
- **Usun Apau
- *Penan
- **West Penan
- **East Penan
- *Kayanic
- **Lebu Kulit
- **Mboh
- **Ngorek
- **Kayan
- Proto-Kenyah
- *Highland
- **Highland A dialects: Lepo Gah, Lepo Sawa, Lepo Laang, Lepo Baha, Lepo Maut, Lepo Ké, Bakung, Lepo Ndang
- **Highland B dialects: Lepo Tau, Badeng, Uma Lasan, Uma Alim, Òma Lóngh
- *Lowland
- **Western Lowland dialects: Lebo' Vo'
- **Eastern Lowland dialects: Lebu Kulit, Lebuq Timai, Uma Pawa, Uma Ujok, Uma Kelap/Kelep
- *Penan-Sebop
- **Penan
- **Sebop
- Proto-Kenyah
- *Highland
- **Highland A dialects: Lepo Gah, Lepo Sawa, Lepo Laang, Lepo Baha, Lepo Maut, Lepo Ké, Bakung, Lepo Ndang
- **Highland B dialects: Lepo Tau, Badeng, Uma Lasan, Uma Alim, Òma Lóngh
- *Lowland
- **Western Lowland dialects: Lebo' Vo', Eastern Penan, Western Penan, Sebop
- **Eastern Lowland dialects: Lebu Kulit, Lebuq Timai, Uma Pawa, Uma Ujok, Uma Kelap/Kelep
Supposed Austroasiatic influence
Kaufman notes that many Proto-Kenyah words are of likely Austroasiatic origin, including the following.- *saləŋ ‘black’
- *makaŋ ‘brave’
- *dəŋ ‘deaf’
- *pətat ‘divorce’
- *naʔ ‘give’
- *biləŋ ‘green’
- *mə-bʰuh ‘help, assist’
- *laʔu ‘hungry’
- *adaŋ ‘must’
- *iəŋ ‘mosquito’
- *kabiŋ ‘left ’
- *pilaw ‘smooth’
- *biʔən ‘time’
- *nəmbam ‘tomorrow’
- *ait ‘sand’
- *luaŋ ‘seed’
- *su ‘grandchild’
- ɟen ‘bring’
- pikəp ‘narrow’
- mamoŋ ‘pregnant’
- imaʔ ‘rain’
- lañaʔ ‘fast/quick’
- məɲon ‘sit’
- ʄap ‘ten’
- sah ‘seed’