Eitel Brothers
The Eitel Brothers refers to a family of four brothers, Emil, Karl, Robert and Max Eitel, originating from Stuttgart in Germany who, from 1894, were hoteliers and restaurateurs in Chicago, US. They were well known for the luxury hotel Bismarck Hotel and restaurants such as the Marigold Gardens and the [|Old Heidelberg Inn]. Typically excluded is Albert Eitel, who remained in Stuttgart as an architect.
Overview
In 1890 Emil Eitel emigrated to the United States and settled in Chicago, amongst other German immigrants. In 1890 Chicago had about 160,000 and in 1900 about 170,000 residents of German ancestry, representing 15% and 10% of the total population. The heavily German population and the infrastructure built around the community of German immigrants greatly helped their business ventures to succeed.After Emil Eitel had made a start, he was followed by four of his brothers to Chicago: Charles in 1891, Robert in 1898, Max in 1901 and Otto in 1912. After his immigration, Otto Eitel, took over the responsibility for the hotel and garden facilities of the Bismarck Hotel. He later moved to California and worked as a landscape gardener. Albert Eitel remained in Stuttgart, though he is recorded as having visited in 1896 and 1924:
- In 1896, he volunteered in the prestigious architectural firm of Daniel Burnham, a leading figure in the Chicago School.
- In 1924, Albert Eitel was in Chicago for creating the facade design of the Bismarck hotel together with the architectural firm Rapp and Rapp and to plan the interior of the hotel.
Early life
The parents of the Eitel brothers were Emil Eitel and Charlotte Eitel née Trost. Trost gave birth to 11 children, out of which three died before their first birthday. Among those who survived six brothers Emil, Karl, Robert, Max, Otto and Albert Eitel, are known as the Eitel brothers. All the children of Trost who survived beyond their first birthday are listed below.Emil Eitel
Main sources: #NCAB 1967, pages 510-511; #Leonard 1905–1917; #Sonntagspost 1929.1; #Amtsblatt 1953.1.Emil Eitel was a German hotel and restaurant contractor in Chicago. He was born as the first child of his parents, Emil and Charlotte Eitel, attended the trade school in Stuttgart, and served in the Army as a one-year volunteer before beginning, in 1885, to work in his father's factory on the production of photo albums.
Professional life
In 1890, Emil Eitel moved to the United States and settled in Chicago. He first worked as a clerk for the Chicago company "Bond's Commercial Agency". In 1891, as his brother Charles also came to Chicago, the two founded a wholesale wine and liquor imports business named "Eitel Brothers". During the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893, the first Chicagoan World's Fair, they operated their first hotel in the vicinity of the exhibition grounds. The success prompted them to permanently turn to the hotel business. They took over the hotel "Germania" and renamed it "Bismarck Hotel". In 1894, they founded the Bismarck Hotel Company. Emil Eitel presided as President and Chief Financial Officer until his death in 1948. Besides the hotel, the two brothers operated from 1895 to 1923 the Bismarck Gardens, a beer garden.Personal life
In 1894, Emil Eitel married Emma Caroline Boldenweck, whom he had met in Stuttgart.Karl Eitel
Main sources: #NCAB 1967, page 511; #Leonard 1905–1917; #Sonntagspost 1929.2; #Amtsblatt 1953.1.Karl Friedrich Eitel was a German hotel and restaurant contractor in Chicago. He was the fifth child of parents Emil and Charlotte Eitel. After attending the high school in Stuttgart, he studied at the Königlich Württembergisches Technikum für Textilindustrie in Reutlingen.
Professional life
In 1891, Karl Eitel emigrated to Chicago and began collaborating with his brother Emil. After the founding of the Bismarck Hotel Company, he assumed the office of the Vice President and Secretary and after the death of Emil Eitel in 1948, the office of President. A year later, he retired, but remained joined to the company until his death in 1954 as honorary chairman.Personal life
In 1896, Karl Eitel married his first wife Marieluise Boldenweck, a younger sister of his sister-in-law Emma. The marriage produced four children, among them Otto K. Eitel, who later became president of the Bismarck Hotel. In 1915, Karl Eitel joined in his second marriage Ann Schmidt, the daughter of a factory owner from Brussels, whom he had one daughter with. In his third marriage he joined Suzanne Schmidt, the sister of his second wife. From this marriage, he had three children.Karl Eitel took many years an active part in social and political life in Chicago. He died on March 9, 1954, in Santa Barbara at the age of 83 and was buried at the Santa Barbara Cemetery.
Max Eitel
Main sources: #NCAB 1967, pages 518-519; #Amtsblatt 1953.1.Max Eitel was a German restaurant contractor in Chicago. He was born as the tenth child of his parents Emil and Charlotte Eitel.
Professional life
In 1901, Max Eitel emigrated to Chicago. He went into the accounting department of the Bismarck Hotel Company, owned by his brothers Emil and Karl. He returned to Europe, studying the hotel and restaurant industries of England, France, and the Netherlands. In 1904, he took a position in the newly built luxury Hotel Astor on Times Square in New York, which was founded in the same year by the German emigrants William C. Muschenheim and Frederick A. Muschenheim. There he volunteered for two consecutive years in various departments of the hotel. In 1906, he took over responsibility for the import business of his brothers, and soon thereafter the management of the beer garden Marigold Gardens, which also belonged to his brothers.Following the closure of the beer garden due to Prohibition, in 1923 he and his brother Robert Eitel, founded the restaurant company [|Eitel Incorporated], with Robert as President and himself as Vice President, Secretary, and Treasurer. When Robert died in 1948, Max took over the presidency, which he held until his death.
The Eitel Incorporated company included the following restaurants:
- 1923–1943: Five station restaurants in the Chicago and North Western Railway Station.
- 1933–1934: Fair restaurant Old Heidelberg Inn on the second Chicagoan World's Fair.
- 1934: Fair restaurant in the German pavilion Black Forest Village on the same World's Fair.
- Ab 1934: Old Heidelberg Inn at Chicago's formerly Broadway in Randolph Street.
- Ab 1935: Eitel Field Building Restaurant]in Chicago's financial district.
- 1936: Fair restaurant Black Forest Restaurant on the Texas Centennial Exposition 1936 in Dallas.
- 1939–1940: Fair restaurant Ballentine Three Ring Inn on the World's Fair in New York.
Personal life
In 1911, Max Eitel married as his first wife, the widow Marie Heine née Bush, the daughter of a German manufacturer, who bore him two children. In 1935, he joined in his second marriage, the widow Ella Gleich née Harder, the daughter of a German real estate agent. They had no children. Max Eitel died on June 5, 1954, in Chicago.Robert Eitel
Main sources: #NCAB 1967, pages 518-519; #Amtsblatt 1953.1.Robert Eitel was a German restaurant contractor in Chicago. He was the eighth child of his parents Emil and Charlotte Eitel.
In 1898, Robert emigrated to Chicago. In the 1920s, he was director of the Bismarck Hotel. In 1923, he founded together with his brother Max Eitel the restaurant company Eitel Incorporated and became its president. – On the history of the restaurant projects of the two brothers see [|Max Eitel, Business life].
Bismarck Hotel Co.
Bismarck Hotel (1894–1956)
Following the successful operation of their restaurant on the 1893 World's Fair, Emil and Karl Eitel bought an existing hotel, rebuilt it and renamed it the Bismarck Hotel. This hotel was replaced in 1926 by the construction of a large luxury hotel under the same name. A chronology of the Bismark Hotel:Fair hotel (1893)
Chicago, Cottage Grove Avenue / Sixty-Third Street,.Due to the strong demand of its German and Austrian suppliers for accommodation for the first Chicago World's Fair 1893, the Eitel brothers rented an apartment house near the fairgrounds and converted it to a hotel with 150 beds.
Old Bismarck Hotel (1894–1924)
Chicago, Randolph Street / Wells Street,.After the huge success of their fair hotel the brothers decided to set up a permanent hotel. They purchased the four-story Germania Hotel with 50 beds in Chicago's Loop district, at Chicago's formerly Broadway in Randolph Street and close to the financial district. Within one year they increased the bed capacity through the purchase of adjacent buildings to 100 beds. With the permission of the German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck they were allowed to call the hotel Bismarck Hotel. Due to the anti-German sentiment during the First World War the hotel was renamed temporarily to Randolph Hotel.
New Bismarck Hotel (1926–1956)
Chicago, Randolph Street / LaSalle Street / West Court Place / Wells Street,.In 1922, the Eitels realigned their property to the so-called Eitel Block, which covered the northern part of the block between Randolph and Washington Street and Wells and LaSalle Street. In 1924, they razed the buildings in the Eitel Block and built a skyscraper in 1925 and 1926. It consisted of the 22-story Metropolitan Office Building and the 19-story hotel wing which hosted the Hotel Bismarck with its 600 beds and the Palace Theater, which held 2500 seats. The famous Walnut Room ballroom hosted numerous big bands and orchestras during the late 1930s and 1940s including Art Kassel and his Kassels in the air whose performances were carried live every Saturday night on WGN radio in Chicago. The orchestra featured singer, Marion Holmes, who recorded several songs with them including one on Blue Bird Records that became immensely popular, "I'm a Little Tea Pot" in 1941. Marion met her husband to be during one such performance, Broadway/film/television star, Don DeFore. He was touring in Chicago starring in Broadway's number one comedy of the year, "Where Do We Go From Here."
In 1956, Otto K. Eitel sold the hotel to the hotel and sports entrepreneur Arthur Wirtz. After a period of slow decline, the hotel was closed in 1996, and reopened in 1998 by the Kimpton group under the name Hotel Allegro.