Kameniari


"Kameniari", is a poem by Ukrainian poet Ivan Franko. In this poem, slaves bound by chains smash through rock using sledgehammers. Written in 1878 as one of the author's first works, the poem is allegorical, describing the twin ideas of liberation from an oppressive past and of the laying down of a highway for future social progress by pioneers.
The eponymous kameniar is a quarry stonecutter, or quarryman. The stone breaker became a revolutionary symbol in Ukrainian and Soviet culture as well as a metaphorical name for Ivan Franko himself.