Julius Deutsch


Julius Deutsch was a politician of the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria, member of Parliament between 1920 and 1933, and co-founder and leader of the Social Democrat militia Republikanischer Schutzbund.

Leader of the ''Schutzbund''

Julius Deutsch founded the Schutzbund in 1923 as an answer to the paramilitary organization Heimwehr, which was ideologically related to the Christian Social Party. He remained its leader until its destruction in 1934.
Schutzbund members were primarily recruited out of the Deutschösterreichische Volkswehr. It had been organized by Deutsch himself as Under Secretary of State in the Department of Armed Forces and as Secretary of State in the Department of Armed Forces.
After the defeat of the Republican Guard during the Austrian Civil War of 1934 and the following ban on the Social Democrats, he fled to the city of Brno in Czechoslovakia.

Emigration

From 1936 until 1939, Deutsch fought as a general of the Republican troops in the Spanish Civil War.
1939 he moved to Paris and worked for the foreign representation of the Austrian Socialists. After the occupation of France by National Socialist Germany, Deutsch, who was of Jewish descent, had to emigrate again, this time to the United States of America. He returned to Austria in 1946. Deutsch was also the President of the Socialist Workers' Sport International.
Deutsch was married three times: to Josefine Schall, the mother of Grethe/Gretl Deutsch, to Maria Herzmansky, mother of Hedwig Kramer, and to the novelist Adrienne Thomas.
After his death, a Vienna apartment complex Julius-Deutsch-Hof was named in his honor.
Julius Deutsch was also an uncle of Karl Wolfgang Deutsch, a renowned German-American social and political scientist; the grandfather of Canadian economist Gerald Karl Helleiner; and great-grandfather of Canadian political scientist Eric Helleiner.

Works

  • Antifascism, Sports, Sobriety: Forging a Militant Working-Class Culture. Selected Writings. Edited and translated by Gabriel Kuhn. Oakland: PM Press, 2017.
  • Antifascism. Proletarian ability to put up a fight in the battle against Fascism. Vienna, 1926.
  • In , New York City: New World Club:
  • *, 3 April 1942, p. 5.
  • *, 5 November 1943, p. 1.
  • *, 4 May 1945, p. 3.
  • In :
  • *"", 20 January 1935, supplement, p. 1.
  • In :
  • *"", 24 July 1937, p. 1.
  • *"", 2 January 1938, p. 2.
  • In :
  • *"", 18 August 1939, p. 793.