Ecuador at the 1980 Summer Olympics
competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR. Twelve competitors, eleven men and one woman, took part in thirteen events in five sports. This was the nation's fourth Olympics appearance, since its maiden participation at the 1924 Summer Games in Paris.
Athletics
Women's 100 m Hurdles- Nancy Vallecilla
- * Heat — did not start
- Nancy Vallecilla — 3170 points
- # 100 metres — 14.46s
- # Shot Put — 11.12m
- # High Jump — 1.68m
- # Long Jump — 5.45m
- # 800 metres — DNF
Boxing
- Lincoln Salcedo
- # First Round — Bye
- # Second Round — Lost to Ahmed Siad on points
- Jorge Monard
- Luis Castillo
- # First Round — Lost to Jürgen Fanghänel on points
Cycling
;1000m time trial
;Individual pursuit
;Team pursuit
- Esteban Espinosa
- Jhon Jarrín
- Edwin Mena
- Juan Palacios
Judo
- Jimmy Arévalo
- Milton Estrella
Swimming
- Diego Quiroga
- Enrique Ledesma