Traditional colors of Japan


The traditional colors of Japan are a collection of colors traditionally used in Japanese art, literature, textiles such as kimono, and other Japanese arts and crafts.

History

The traditional colors of Japan trace their historical origins to the Twelve Level Cap and Rank System which was established in 603 by Prince Shōtoku and based on the five Chinese elements. In this system, rank and social hierarchy were displayed and determined by certain colors. Colors known as were strictly reserved for the robes of the Imperial family and highest ranking court officials; for example, the color was used as the color for the robes of the Crown Prince and use by anyone else was prohibited. Colors known as were permitted for use by the common people.
Most names of colors originate from the names of plants, flowers, and animals that bore or resembled them. Certain colors and dyeing techniques have been used since the Asuka period, while others had been developed as late as the Meiji period when synthetic dyes became common. Due to the long history of use of this color system, some variations in color and names exist.

Colors

Red/violet series

NameRomanizedEnglish translationRGBHex tripletNameRomanizedEnglish translationRGBHex triplet
一斤染One kin dye240,143,144#F08F90桃色Peach-colored244,121,131#F47983
紅梅色Red plum colored219,90,107#DB5A6B中紅Medium crimson 201,55,86#C93756
桜色Cherry blossom color252,201,185#FCC9B9退紅Washed-out crimson 255,179,167#FFB3A7
薄紅Pale crimson 242,102,108#F2666C-----

Red series

Yellow/red series

Yellow series

Yellow/green series

NameRomanizedEnglishRGBHex tripletNameRomanizedEnglishRGBHex triplet
鶸色Greenfinch color189,169,40#BDA928青白橡Pale oak155,168,141#9BA88D
柳茶Willow tea156,138,77#9C8A4D璃寛茶Rikan brown83,74,50#534A32
藍媚茶Indigo tea71,63,45#473F2D苔色Moss color139,125,58#8B7D3A
海松色Codium fragile seaweed color82,75,42#524B2A千歳茶Thousand year old brown59,52,41#3B3429
梅幸茶Baiko brown133,124,85#857C55岩井茶Iwai brown94,85,69#5E5545
鶸萌黄Siskin sprout yellow122,148,46#7A942E柳煤竹Sooty willow bamboo77,75,58#4D4B3A
裏柳Underside of willow leaves188,181,140#BCB58C淡萌黄Pale young green onion141,178,85#8DB255
柳染Willow-dyed140,158,94#8C9E5E萌黄Fresh onion91,137,48#5B8930
青丹Blue-black clay82,89,59#52593B松葉色Pine needle color69,77,50#454D32

Green/blue green series

Blue/blue violet series

Violet series

Achromatic series