James Calhoun

• James Calhoun (politician, born 1743), American politician, first mayor of Baltimore, Maryland
• James Calhoun (politician, born 1802), American politician, first governor of the Territory of New Mexico
• James Calhoun (Atlanta politician), American politician, sixteenth mayor of Atlanta, Georgia
• James Calhoun (soldier), American soldier killed at the Battle of Little Big Horn
• Jim Calhoun, American college basketball coach