James Braid (golfer)
James Braid was a Scottish professional golfer and a member of the Great Triumvirate of the sport alongside Harry Vardon and John Henry Taylor. He won The Open Championship five times. He also was a renowned golf course architect. Braid is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Life
Braid was born in Earlsferry, Fife, Scotland, the son of James and Mary. He played golf from an early age, working as a clubmaker before turning professional in 1896. Initially his game was hindered by problems with his putting, but he overcame this after switching to an aluminium putter in 1900. He won The Open Championship in 1901, 1905, 1906, 1908 and 1910. In addition, Braid won four British PGA Matchplay Championships, as well as the 1910 French Open title. He was also runner-up in The Open Championship in 1897, 1902, 1904, and 1909. His 1906 victory in The Open Championship was the last successful defence of the title by a European until Pádraig Harrington replicated the feat in 2008.In 1912, Braid scaled back his tournament golf, and became a full-time club professional at Walton Heath; he had begun a relationship with that London-area club more than a decade before. He developed a very successful career in golf course design, and is sometimes regarded as the "inventor" of the dogleg, although holes of similar design had been known for centuries. Among his designs are the "King's Course" and the "Queen's Course" at Gleneagles, and the 1926 remodelling of The Open Championship venue Carnoustie Golf Links. In 1935, he designed and laid out Wishaw Golf Club.
Stranraer Golf Club's course was the final one that was designed by Braid in the year that he died, 1950. He was called out of retirement to plan Creachmore, which was to be his last commission. Braid never lived to see the course completed. He died in London on 27 November 1950.
Harry Vardon and Braid collaborated on several editions of Spalding Athletic Library "How to Play Golf". Braid also wrote "Advanced Golf, or, Hints and Instruction for Progressive Players" in 1911. There is also a book about all the courses Braid designed as an architect titled "James Braid and his 400 courses."
Tournament wins (19)
Note: This list may be incomplete.- 1901 The Open Championship, Lytham and St Anne's Professional Tournament
- 1902 Tooting Bec Cup, Greenore Professional Tournament
- 1903 News of the World Match Play, Tooting Bec Cup
- 1904 Tooting Bec Cup
- 1905 The Open Championship, News of the World Match Play
- 1906 The Open Championship
- 1907 News of the World Match Play, Tooting Bec Cup
- 1908 The Open Championship
- 1910 The Open Championship, French Open
- 1911 News of the World Match Play
- 1920 Galashiels Tournament, McVitie & Price Tournament, Amateurs and Professionals Foursomes Tournament
Major championships
Results timeline
| Tournament | 1900 | 1901 | 1902 | 1903 | 1904 | 1905 | 1906 | 1907 | 1908 | 1909 |
| The Open Championship | 3 | 1 | T2 | 5 | T2 | 1 | 1 | T5 | 1 | T2 |
| Tournament | 1920 | 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | 1924 | 1925 | 1926 | 1927 | 1928 | 1929 |
| The Open Championship | T21 | T16 | T49 | T18 | T28 | T30 | T41 |
Note: Braid only played in The Open Championship
NT = No tournament
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place
Team appearances
- England–Scotland Professional Match : 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1909, 1910, 1912
- France vs Great Britain : 1908
- Coronation Match : 1911
- Great Britain vs USA : 1921
- Seniors vs Juniors : 1928
Golf courses designed by Braid
Braid is reputed to have designed and remodeled over 200 golf courses. Braid disliked travel overseas, very rarely left the British Isles, and never traveled outside Europe. However, he did design two 18-hole golf courses for the Singapore Island Country Club in Asia, using topographic maps to plan his layouts there, which were then constructed to his orders.Some of the more notable courses worked on by Braid are listed here.
- OD denotes courses for which Braid is the original designer
- R denotes courses reconstructed by Braid
- A denotes courses for which Braid made substantial additions
- E denotes courses that Braid examined and on the construction of which he consulted
| Name | Contribution | Year built | City / Town | State / Province | Country | Comments |
| Renfrew GC | OD | 1894 | Renfrew | Renfrewshire | Scotland | |
| La Moye GC | OD | 1902 | Saint Brélade | Jersey | ||
| Erskine GC | OD | 1904 | Erskine | Renfrewshire | Scotland | |
| Southport and Ainsdale GC | OD | 1906 | Southport | Merseyside | England | |
| Kirkhill GC | OD | 1910 | Cambuslang | South Lanarkshire | Scotland | |
| Gleneagles Hotel | OD | 1924 | Auchterarder | Perth and Kinross | Scotland | |
| Singapore Island CC | OD | 1924 | Singapore | 36 holes | ||
| Carnoustie Golf Links | R | 1926 | Carnoustie | Angus | Scotland | |
| Dalmahoy Hotel & CC | OD | 1929 | Kirknewton | West Lothian | Scotland | |
| Lancaster GC | OD | 1932 | Lancaster | Lancashire | England | |
| Wishaw Golf Club | OD | 1935 | Wishaw | North Lanarkshire | Scotland | |
| St Austell Golf Club | E | 1936 | St Austell | Cornwall | England |