Jam Sikandar II

Jam Sikandar Shah II also known as Jam Unar III or Jam Muhammad was the fourteenth Sultan of Sindh. He belonged to the Samma dynasty, which ruled from 1351 to 1520.

Reign

Earlier Challenges

Jam Sikandar ascended the throne at a young age. During this period, the Hakims of Sehwan and Bukkur, who had grown influential within their respective Sarkars, ceased to recognise the authority of the central government and entered into conflict with one another. In response, Jam Sikandar departed from Samanagar and advanced towards Bukkur, reaching as far as Naserpur. There, his vizier, Jam Mubarak the Chamberlain, who had commanded a force of 2,000 men during the reign of Jam Tughlaq, rebelled against him. Jam Mubarak returned to Samanagar, proclaimed himself Sultan Mubarak, and assumed the throne.
Mubarak failed to secure popular support or noble support, and his authority lasted no more than three days. The nobles of Samanagar expelled him and sent messengers to recall Jam Sikandar. After receiving this news, Jam Sikander concluded peaceful arrangements with the Hakims and returned to Samanagar, where he ordered Mubarak's execution. Approximately one and a half year later, Jam Sikandar died.

Scholarly Patronage

Jam Sikandar also patronized philosophical and religious scholarship. During his reign, a work on ʿIlm al-Manṭiq was commissioned and later adopted in the curricula of several Madrasas. Another scholar, Maulana Alauddin of Mangalore composed Al-Zubdah for Jam Sikandar. For religious instruction and propagation, the Sindhi language was employed.