JJC8-088
JJC8-088 is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor that was derived from the wakefulness-promoting agent modafinil.
It has substantially higher affinity for the dopamine transporter than modafinil. In contrast to modafinil and other analogues, which are atypical DRIs, JJC8-088 is a typical cocaine-like DRI. It has potent cocaine-like psychostimulant effects, produces robust and dose-dependent increases in dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens, and is readily self-administered by and substitutes for cocaine in animals.
Similarly to cocaine, but unlike modafinil and other analogues, JJC8-088 stabilizes the DAT in an outward-facing open conformation. It has been theorized that cocaine-like DRIs may actually act as dopamine releasing agent-like DAT "inverse agonists" rather than as simple transporter blockers.
In addition to its affinity for the DAT, JJC8-088 has low affinity for the serotonin transporter and for the norepinephrine transporter . It also binds with high affinity to the sigma σ1 receptor.
The drug has high affinity for the hERG antitarget and could produce cardiotoxicity, which might cause a risk of heart attack if JJC8-088 were to be used recreationally.