Invalidity of gentile courts

Invalidity of gentile courts is a Talmudic rule regarding gentile courts in Judaism. The rule states that gentile courts are invalid for ruling over Jews.
Jewish law requires disputes to be settled by a Jewish court under the laws of the Torah. It is forbidden to settle disputes in a court ruled by gentile laws. Jewish law permits settling disputes in gentile courts in exceptional cases and these cases usually require approval from Jewish religious authority.
There is ongoing halachic dispute regarding the status of the courts in modern state of Israel and whether the courts are religiously binding.

Exceptions

If a Jew is robbed or cheated by a gentile and the only option to get the money back is to be present in the gentile courts the Jew is allowed to settle the dispute in the court.

In modern Israel

The courts in modern-day nation of Israel do not rule according to the laws of the Torah. However most of the judges are Jews with sufficient knowledge in Judaism. Some Jewish scholars believe that in the absence of religious courts these courts can be binding. However the majority believe that since these courts do not rule according to the Torah, they are not religiously binding.