Inland navigation
Inland navigation, inland barge transport or inland waterway transport is a transport system allowing ships and barges to use inland waterways. These waterways have inland ports, marinas, quays, and wharfs.Environment
Modern researchers have long recognized that inland navigation is a relatively environmentally friendly option for freight transport compared to other modes of transportation such as air carriage and road transport, and similar to rail freight transport. Therefore, policy makers have been aiming to shift the volume of cargo transported by more pollutive means towards inland navigation in order to reduce the overall environmental impact of transport, for example, as part of the European Green Deal. To accomplish this, however, various challenges need to be tackled, including making inland navigation itself less pollutive than it has been, building larger barges and tows to increase their efficiency, and constructing or improving inland waterways navigable enough for the projected volume and size of ships to avoid bottlenecks. The environmental effects of constructing, operating and maintaining inland navigation also need to be mitigated.