Indore gharana
Indore gharana is one of the vocal gharanas of Indian classical music. It was founded by Amir Khan, who studied the styles of Abdul Wahid Khan, Aman Ali Khan, Rajab Ali Khan and Abdul Karim Khan and amalgamated their style.
Amir Khan grew up in Indore, India but he did not like the factionalism inherent in the gharana tradition. In an interview to Akashvani, Indore, he said:
Performances in the Indore gharana are noted by the vilambit tempo in the style of Abdul Wahid Khan, and the taans reminiscent of Rajab Ali Khan. The merukhand structure is similar to that practiced by Aman Ali Khan of the Bhendibazaar gharana. The khayal gayaki in the 'Indore gharana' retains the slow development and restraint from frills as in the dhrupad. Mohan Nadkarni says of Amir Khan's music that whereas Bade Ghulam Ali Khan's music was extroverted and exuberant, Amir Khan's music was an introverted, dignified 'darbar' style
Amir Khan's conviction about the importance of poetry in khyal compositions, has also marked the singing of the 'Indore gharana'.
Characteristics of the Indore gharana include:
- slow-tempo raga development
- improvisation mostly in lower and middle octaves
- tendency towards serious and expansive ragas
- emphasis on melody
- bol alap and sargam using merukhand patterns
- sparing application of murki and other embellishments to preserve introspective quality
- use of kan swaras in all parts of performance
- rare use of tihai
- careful enunciation of text of bandish - the bandish performance may or may not include antara
- multiple laya jatis in a single taan
- mixture of taan types in a single taan
- use of ruba'idar tarana
Prominent exponents
- Gokulotsavji Maharaj
- Kankana Banerjee
- Shanti Sharma
- Baldev Raj Verma
- Ramneek Singh
- Akhil Kumar Das
- Amarjeet Kaur