List of Indian scientists
The following article is a list of Indian scientists spanning from Ancient to Modern India, who have had a major impact in the field of science and technology.
Ancient India (Pre 300 BCE)
- Lagadha, astronomer, author of one of the oldest known treatises on astrology
- Baudhayana, mathematician, author of oldest surviving texts of Indian mathematics
- Uddalaka Aruni, metaphysicist, anticipated the idea of atom metaphysically
- Atreya, physician, one of founding father of ayurveda
- Jivaka, physician, widely regarded as a model healer in the Eastern world during ancient times
- Sushruta, father of plastic surgery, author of Sushruta Samhita which is one of the most important ancient medical treatise
- Panini, father of linguistics
- Bogar, Alchemist
- Charaka, physician
- Kanada, natural scientist and philosopher who founded the Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy which talks about atomism.
- Shalihotra, veterinarian
Classical period (300 BCE–500 CE)
- Pingala, mathematician and linguist
- Chanakya, polymath
- Nagarjuna, alchemist and philosopher
- Aryabhata, mathematician and astronomer, author of Aryabhatiya
- Dignāga, logician
- Dharmakīrti, logician
Early medieval period (500–1000 CE)
- Varahamihira, astronomer
- Vagbhata, physician
- Brahmagupta, mathematician and astronomer
- Bhaskara I, mathematician and astronomer
- Haridatta, astronomer
- Lalla, astronomer and astrologer
- Madhava-kara, physician
- Virasena, logician and mathematician
- Gautama Siddha, astrologer, astronomer and compiler in Tang Dynasty, introduced 0 and Indian numerals in China
- Shankaranarayana, astronomer and astrologist
- Mahavira, mathematician
- Halayudha, mathematician
- Aryabhata II, mathematician and astronomer
- Manjula, astronomer
- Utpala, astronomer
- Vijayanandi, astronomer
- Somadeva Suri, mechanical device maker
Late medieval period (1000–1500 CE)
- Bhoja, polymath, astronomer, alchemist, mathematician, architect, inventor
- Sripati, astronomer, astrologer and mathematician
- Brahmadeva, mathematician and astronomer
- Satananda, astronomer
- Bhaskara II, mathematician and astronomer
- Śārṅgadeva, musicologist and mathematician
- Suryadeva Yajvan, astronomer and astrologer
- Govinda Bhattathiri, astronomer and astrologer
- Gangesha Upadhyaya, logician, founder of navya nyaya school
- Narayana Pandita, mathematician
- Madhava of Sangamagrama, mathematician and astronomer, founded Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics
- Mahendra Suri, astronomer, wrote the Yantraraja, the first Indian treatise on the astrolabe
- Parameshvara Nambudiri, astronomer
- Makaranda, astronomer
- Nilakantha Somayaji, astronomer
- Damodara, astronomer
- Raghunatha Siromani, logician
- Keshava of Nandigrama, astrologer and astronomer
Early modern period (1500–1800 CE)
- Jyesthadeva, astronomer
- Paarangot Jyeshtadevan Namboodiri, mathematician and astronomer
- Shankara Variyar, astronomer and mathematician
- Gaṇeśa Daivajna, astronomer and mathematician
- Achyutha Pisharadi, Sanskrit linguist, astronomer, astrologer and mathematician
- Kṛṣṇa Daivajña, mathematicians
- Nilakantha Daivajna, astronomer and astrologer
- Munishvara, astronomer and mathematician
- Kamalakara, astronomer and mathematician
- Puthumana Somayaji, astronomer and mathematician
- Jagannatha Samrat, astronomer and mathematician
- Sawai Jai Singh, ruler and astronomer, commissioned Jantar Mantar observatory
- Sankara Varman, astronomer and mathematician
19th century CE
- Radhanath Sikdar, mathematician, calculated height of Mt. Everest
- Gode Venkata Juggarow, astronomer
- Pathani Samanta, astronomer
- Jagdish Chandra Bose, polymath, father of radio science
- Sir M. Visvesvaraya, civil engineer and statesman
- Prafulla Chandra Ray, chemist
- Shankar Abaji Bhise, invented type setting machine
- Indumadhab Mallick, polymath, inventor of icmic cooker
- Upendranath Brahmachari, physician synthesised urea-stibamine for the treatment of Kala-azar visceral leishmaniasis
- Shiv Ram Kashyap, botanist
- Darashaw Nosherwan Wadia, geologist
- Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje, scholar and agronomist
- M. O. P. Iyengar, botanist and phycologist
- Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, physicist
- Srinivasa Ramanujan, mathematician
- Satya Churn Law, naturalist and ornithologist
- Sisir Kumar Mitra, radio and atmospheric physicist
- Birbal Sahni, paleobotanist
- Gopalswamy Doraiswamy Naidu, inventor of the first electric motor in India
- K. R. Ramanathan, physicist and meteorologist
- K. Ananda Rau, mathematician
- Meghnad Saha, astrophysicist
- Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, statistician
- Jnan Chandra Ghosh, chemist
- Nikhil Ranjan Sen, mathematical physicist
- Satyendra Nath Bose, theoretical physicist, father of God Particle
- Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar, colloid chemist
- Yellapragada Subbarow, biochemist
- Sunder Lal Hora, ichthyologist
- Salim Ali, ornithologist and naturalist
- Janaki Ammal, botanist
- K.S. Krishnan, physicist
- M. S. Krishnan, geologist
- Kotcherlakota Rangadhama Rao, physicist
Early 20th century CE
- Kedareswar Banerjee, crystallographer
- L. A. Ramdas, physicist and meteorologist
- Raj Chandra Bose, mathematician
- Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai, mathematician
- Panchanan Maheshwari, botanist, invented test-tube fertilisation technique of Angiosperms
- Kailas Nath Kaul, agronomist
- Benjamin Peary Pal, agronomist
- Daulat Singh Kothari, physicist
- Vishnu Vasudev Narlikar, physicist
- Homi Jehangir Bhabha, nuclear physicist, father of Indian nuclear programme
- Nautam Bhatt, physicist
- P.R. Pisharoty, physicist and meteorologist
- Suri Bhagavantam, physicist
- Sarvadaman Chowla. mathematician
- Subramanyan Chandrasekhar, theoretical physicist, known for Chandrasekhar Limit
- Kamala Sohonie, biochemist
- A. S. Rao, physicist
- Matthew Pothen Thekaekara, Jesuit priest who published the Thekaekara spectrum
- Sambhu Nath De, pathologist
- Asima Chatterjee, chemist
- M. S. Balakrishnan, phycologist
- Waman Dattatreya Patwardhan, nuclear chemist
- Anna Mani, physicist and meteorologist
- Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya, physicist and mathematician
- Shya Chitaley, paleobotanist
- V. S. Huzurbazar, statistician
- Vikram Sarabhai, physicist and astronomer, established Physical Research Laboratory
- Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao, mathematical statistician
- K. S. Chandrasekharan, mathematician
- Satish Dhawan, aerospace engineer
- Siva Brata Bhattacherjee, X-ray crystallographer
- Vasudeva Krishnamurthy, algologist
- G. N. Ramachandran, biophysicist
- Har Gobind Khorana, biochemist
- Yelavarthy Nayudamma, chemical engineer
- Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri, theoretical physicist
- B. V. Sreekantan, astrophysicist
- Homi Sethna, nuclear physicist and chemist
- Harish-Chandra, mathematician and physicist
- Ranjan Roy Daniel, physicist
- M. S. Swaminathan, agronomist
- Nitya Anand, medicinal chemist
- Raja Ramanna, nuclear physicist
- Narinder Singh Kapany, physicist
- Syed Zahoor Qasim, marine biologist
- Samarendra Nath Biswas, theoretical physicist
- Yash Pal, space scientist
- Gopinath Kartha, crystallographer
- Purnima Sinha, physicist
- Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman, metallurgist
- Vainu Bappu, astronomer
- M. G. K. Menon, physicist
- U. Aswathanarayana, geologist
- Asoke Nath Mitra, theoretical physicist
- Arvind Joshi, computational linguist
- Amar Bose, electrical engineer
- Govind Swarup, radioastronomer
- Kookal Ramunni Krishnan, physician
- Krityunjai Prasad Sinha, theoretical physicist
- Shrinivas Kulkarni, mathematician
- A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, aerospace engineer, missile man of India
- E. C. George Sudarshan, theoretical physicist
- Manilal Bhaumik, physicist
- Nilamber Pant, space scientist
- P. K. Iyengar, nuclear physicist
- Surindar Kumar Trehan, mathematician
- C. S. Seshadri, mathematician
- Ganeshan Venkataraman, condensed matter physicist
- M. S. Narasimhan, mathematician
- Obaid Siddiqi, biologist
- Ratan Lal Brahmachary, biochemist
- Udipi Ramachandra Rao, space scientist
- Daya-Nand Verma, mathematician
- Amartya Sen, economist and philosopher
- Vasant Ranchhod Gowarikar, meteorologist
- Roddam Narasimha, aerospace scientist and fluid dynamicist
- Ajoy Ghose, mining engineer
- C. N. R. Rao, chemist
- Gandikota V. Rao, atmospheric scientist
- Subramania Ranganathan, bioorganic chemist
- S. Pancharatnam, optical physicist
- Animesh Chakravorty, chemist
- Vinod Johri, astrophysicist
- E. S. Raja Gopal, condensed matter physicist
- Jasbir Singh Bajaj, physician and diabetologist
- Rajagopala Chidambaram, nuclear physicist
- Yusuf Hamied, pharmaceutical scientist,
- Dronamraju Krishna Rao, geneticist
- B. L. K. Somayajulu, geochemist
- Jogesh Pati, theoretical physicist
- Raj Reddy, computer scientist
- Raghavan Narasimhan, mathematician, solved Levi problem for complex manifolds
- Subhash Mukhopadhyay, physician
- Ganapathi Thanikaimoni, palynologist
- A. P. Balachandran, theoretical physicist
- Chanchal Kumar Majumdar, condensed matter physicist
- Govindarajan Padmanabhan, biochemist and biotechnologist
- Jayant Narlikar, astrophysicist
- Shipra Guha-Mukherjee, botanist
- Ajoy Ghatak, physicist
- Dadaji Ramaji Khobragade, agronomist
- V. K. Aatre, electrical engineer
- K. R. K. Easwaran, molecular biophysicist
- M. L. Madan, biotechnologist
- Narasimhaiengar Mukunda, theoretical physicist
- Surendra Nath Pandeya, medicinal and organic chemist
- Ramamurti Rajaraman, theoretical physicist
- Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan, space scientist
- Sujoy K. Guha, biomedical engineer
- Darshan Ranganathan, organic chemist
- M. S. Raghunathan, mathematician
- Nambi Narayanan, aerospace engineer
- T. V. Ramakrishnan, theoretical physicist
- Madhav Gadgil, ecologist
- Patcha Ramachandra Rao, metallurgist
- Probir Roy, particle physicist
- Ravindra Shripad Kulkarni, mathematician, known for Kulkarni-Nomizu product
- Shivram Bhoje, nuclear physicist
- Subhendu Guha, photovoltaicist
- Sam Pitroda, telecommunication engineer
- Aditi Pant, oceanographer
- G Madhavan Nair, space scientist
- Anil Kakodkar, nuclear physicist
- Raghunath Anant Mashelkar, chemical engineer
- V. Balakrishnan, theoretical physicist
- Abhay Bhushan, computer scientist
- Avinash Kak, computer scientist
- Jagdish Shukla, meteorologist
- Naresh Dadhich, theoretical physicist
- Phoolan Prasad, mathematician
- S. A. Hussain, ornithologist
- Tej P Singh, biophysicist
- Vijay Kumar Kapahi, astrophysicist
- K. N. Shankara, space scientist
- Prem Chand Pandey, planetary scientist
- Subhash Chandra Lakhotia, cytogeneticist
- Ranajit Chakraborty, geneticist
- Srikumar Banerjee, metallurgical engineer
- Sudipta Sengupta, structural geologist
- Vijay P. Bhatkar, computer scientist
- A. Sivathanu Pillai, aerospace engineer
- Dattatreyudu Nori, radiation oncologist
- Mathukumalli Vidyasagar, control theorist
- Prem Shanker Goel, space scientist
- Sushanta Kumar Dattagupta, condensed matter physicist
- Archana Bhattacharyya, physicist
- K. S. R. Krishna Raju, ornithologist
- M. R. S. Rao, biologist
- Predhiman Krishan Kaw, plasma physicist
- Thirumalachari Ramasami, leather scientist
- Abhay Ashtekar, theoritical physicist
- Jyeshtharaj Joshi, chemist and nuclear physicist
- K. Radhakrishnan, space scientist
- Sulabha K. Kulkarni, nanotechnologist
- V. K. Saraswat, aeronautic engineer
- Lilabati Bhattacharjee, mineralogist and crystallographer
- Ram Chet Chaudhary, agronomist
- Radha Balakrishnan, theoretical physicist