Hypoaspis
Hypoaspis is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae.
Description
Hypoaspis is superficially similar to related genera such as Coleolaelaps, Mumulaelaps and Promacrolaelaps. It can be distinguished by: a rounded and oval dorsal shield without lateral incisions, and with 35–40 pairs of setae including one or more pairs of Zx setae; opisthonotal seta Z4 being very long and wavy; the sternal shield having a distinct anterior margin; h3 being longest out of the hypostomal setae; the first leg pair being longer than the third leg pair; the second and third femurs on each side with macrosetae present; the tarsus of the second leg pair with thick subterminal spines; and the post-anal seta shorter than or equal in length to the para-anal setae.This genus of mites is often associated with beetles, especially scarab beetles, but the nature of this association is uncertain. Hypoaspis may be parasites of eggs and larvae, or they may be commensals that feed on beetle exudates or on other small invertebrates associated with beetles.
Biological control
The genus once contained the species H. aculeifer and H. miles, which are used for biological pest control of sciarid and phorid fly larvae in mushrooms. However, these species have since been moved to genera Gaeolaelaps and Stratiolaelaps, respectively.Species
The composition of Hypoaspis is uncertain. It has historically been a large genus with multiple subgenera. It was later reduced to only the members of subgenus Hypoaspis or Hypoaspis sensu stricto. There are currently 36 species.Below is a list of species currently and formerly included in Hypoaspis:Hypoaspis aciphila Karg, 1987Hypoaspis acme Womersley, 1955Hypoaspis aculeifer Hypoaspis aculeiferoides Teng, 1982Hypoaspis acutiscutus Hypoaspis analis Karg, 1982Hypoaspis angulatus Hypoaspis angusta Karg, 1965Hypoaspis anserina Karg, 1981Hypoaspis ardoris Karg, 1993Hypoaspis armstrongi Hypoaspis astronomica Hypoaspis australis Hull, 1923Hypoaspis austriacus Hypoaspis aviator )Hypoaspis baichengensis Ma, 2000Hypoaspis barbarae Strong, 1995Hypoaspis barbatula Karg, 1989Hypoaspis berlesei Bernhard, 1973Hypoaspis bipennata Karg, 2003Hypoaspis bispinosa Karg, 1997Hypoaspis blattae Strong & Halliday, 1994Hypoaspis brevidentis Karg, 1978Hypoaspis brevipedestra Karg, 1985Hypoaspis brevipellis Karg, 1979Hypoaspis brevistilis Karg, 1978Hypoaspis campestris Hypoaspis cassoidea Karg, 1981Hypoaspis cerata Karg, 1982Hypoaspis changlingensis Ma, 2000Hypoaspis chelaris Teng, Zhang & Cui, 1992Hypoaspis chianensis Gu, 1990Hypoaspis chini Hypoaspis chongqingensis Ma, Zhang & Li, 2003Hypoaspis ciconia Karg, 1979Hypoaspis claviger Hypoaspis collina Huhta & Karg, 2010Hypoaspis comelicensis Hypoaspis concinna Teng, 1982Hypoaspis corpolongus Hypoaspis corpulentus Hypoaspis cubaensis Karg, 1981Hypoaspis cuneifer Michael, 1891Hypoaspis cursoria Karg, 1988Hypoaspis dailingensis Ma & Yin, 1998Hypoaspis debilis Ma, 1996Hypoaspis decellei van-Driel, Loots & Marais, 1977Hypoaspis decemsetae Karg, 1994Hypoaspis deinos Zeman, 1982Hypoaspis dendrophilus Hypoaspis dentipilosa Karg, 1978Hypoaspis digitalis Hypoaspis disjuncta Hunter & Yeh, 1969Hypoaspis disparatus Hypoaspis diversa Karg, 1994Hypoaspis elegans Joharchi, Ostovan & Babaeian, 2014Hypoaspis elegantula Hypoaspis elimata Berlese, 1920Hypoaspis equitans Hypoaspis euarmata Karg, 1996Hypoaspis eucapillata Karg, 2003Hypoaspis eugenitalis Karg, 1978Hypoaspis eupatori Hypoaspis eupraedonis Karg, 1989Hypoaspis eupygidialis Karg, 2003Hypoaspis euventricosa Karg, 1995Hypoaspis evansi Arutunian, 1993Hypoaspis expolita Hypoaspis exquisita Karg, 1989Hypoaspis femorata Karg, 1978Hypoaspis finitima )Hypoaspis fishtowni Ruf & Koehler, 1993Hypoaspis formationis Karg, 1989Hypoaspis furcatoides Karg, 1981Hypoaspis glabra Karg, 1978Hypoaspis gladii Karg, 1993Hypoaspis gleba Karg, 1979Hypoaspis guttaforma Karg, 1989Hypoaspis guttulata Karg, 1978Hypoaspis haiyuanensis Bai, Chen & Gu, 1994Hypoaspis hefeiensis Xu & Liang, 1996Hypoaspis hermaphroditoides Oudemans, 1902Hypoaspis heteronychus Hypoaspis hoffmannae Smiley, Baker & Delfinado-Baker, 1996Hypoaspis hunanensis Ma & Zheng, 2000Hypoaspis inarmata Karg, 1997Hypoaspis inepilis Banks, 1916Hypoaspis integer Hypoaspis inversus Hypoaspis isodentis Karg, 1989Hypoaspis isotricha Hypoaspis jambar Ishikawa, 1985Hypoaspis krameri Hypoaspis krantzi Arutunian, 1993Hypoaspis larvicolus Joharchi & Halliday, 2011Hypoaspis latanalis Karg, 2000Hypoaspis latodentis Karg, 1993Hypoaspis lepoauris Karg, 1981Hypoaspis lepta Oudemans, 1902Hypoaspis leptolingua Karg, 1994Hypoaspis liae Hypoaspis lingua Karg, 1987Hypoaspis liui Hypoaspis loksai Karg, 2000Hypoaspis longanalis Karg, 2003Hypoaspis longchuanensis Gu & Duan, 1991Hypoaspis longichaetus Ma, 1996Hypoaspis longicostalis Karg, 1978Hypoaspis longodigiti Karg, 1979Hypoaspis longogenitalis Karg, 1978Hypoaspis louisensis Loots, 1980Hypoaspis lusisi Lapina, 1976Hypoaspis luteus Hypoaspis lyratus Hypoaspis mabilogus Hypoaspis macra Karg, 1978Hypoaspis macrochaeta Karg, 1988Hypoaspis magkadikitus Hypoaspis magnisetae Ma, 1988Hypoaspis mahuncai Karg, 1988Hypoaspis malakutsilyus Hypoaspis mandibularis Hypoaspis maryamae Joharchi & Halliday, 2011Hypoaspis masculina Karg, 1988Hypoaspis matinikus Hypoaspis mediocuspis Hypoaspis melolonthae Joharchi & Halliday, 2011Hypoaspis metapodalii Karg, 1978Hypoaspis michaeli Huhta & Karg, 2010Hypoaspis miles Hypoaspis militiformis Oudemans, 1902Hypoaspis millipedus Hypoaspis minusculus Banks, 1916Hypoaspis mohrii Ishikawa, 1982Hypoaspis moseri Hunter & Glover, 1968Hypoaspis mumai Hunter & Glover, 1968Hypoaspis nana Hypoaspis nasoseta Karg, 1981Hypoaspis neimongolianus Ma-Liming & Wang-Shenron, 1998Hypoaspis neocuneifer Evans & Till, 1966Hypoaspis ningxiaensis Hypoaspis nolli Karg, 1962Hypoaspis oblongus Hypoaspis onustus Hypoaspis oreithyiae Hypoaspis orientalis Bei & Yin, 2000Hypoaspis ornatus Hypoaspis ovatus Ma, Ning & You-Wen, 2003Hypoaspis ovisuga Hypoaspis pahabaeus Hypoaspis pannicula Karg, 1981Hypoaspis paraculeifer Hypoaspis paracuneifer Gu & Bai, 1992Hypoaspis passalus Hypoaspis paucidentis Karg, 1989Hypoaspis pellucida Berlese, 1904Hypoaspis penicillata Karg, 1979Hypoaspis picketti Hunter & Glover, 1968Hypoaspis pinnae Karg, 1987Hypoaspis postreticulatus Xu & Liang, 1996Hypoaspis praesternalis Willmann, 1949Hypoaspis praesternaloides Ma & Yin, 1998Hypoaspis praetarsalis Karg, 1978Hypoaspis pratensis Huhta & Karg, 2010Hypoaspis pugiocuspis Karg, 1981Hypoaspis pugni Karg, 1979Hypoaspis punyalus Hypoaspis pycnosis Karg, 1979Hypoaspis qinghaiensis Li-Chao, Yang-Xizheng & Yue-Shanlon, 1997Hypoaspis queenslandicus Hypoaspis quinquepara Karg, 2000Hypoaspis rarosae Hypoaspis relictovi Senotrusova, 1982Hypoaspis reticulatus Xu & Liang, 1996Hypoaspis rhizotrogi Masan, 1998Hypoaspis rhopaea Hypoaspis rigensis Lapina, 1976Hypoaspis rosei Strong & Halliday, 1994Hypoaspis ruggi Strong & Halliday, 1994Hypoaspis saana Huhta & Karg, 2010Hypoaspis sardous Hypoaspis schusteri Hypoaspis seriopilosa Karg, 1978Hypoaspis serpentis Karg, 1979Hypoaspis serrata Karg, 1979Hypoaspis shenyangensis Bei, Shi & Yin, 2003Hypoaspis similisetae Karg, 1965Hypoaspis simplex Hypoaspis simplexans Hypoaspis sinensis Hypoaspis solimani Nawar, Shereef & Ahmed, 1993Hypoaspis sorecis Li, Zheng & Yang, 1996Hypoaspis spinacrassus Rosario, 1981Hypoaspis spinaperaffinis Ma & Cui, in Ma, Liu & Cui 2002Hypoaspis spiniseta Barilo, in Barylo 1991Hypoaspis stilosus Hypoaspis subminor Gu & Bai, 1991Hypoaspis submontana Bai, Chen & Gu, 1994Hypoaspis subpictus Gu & Bai, 1992Hypoaspis sungaris Ma, 1996Hypoaspis surenai Joharchi & Shahedi, 2016Hypoaspis surigaoensis Rosario, 1981Hypoaspis tengi Gu & Bai, 1991Hypoaspis tenuisetus Hypoaspis terrestris Leonardi, 1899Hypoaspis terrestrisimilis Ma, Zhang & Li, 2003Hypoaspis tetraspinae Karg, 1995Hypoaspis thysanifer Hypoaspis transversanalis Karg, 2000Hypoaspis tribina Karg, 1979Hypoaspis tridentata Karg, 1979Hypoaspis tridentifera Karg, 1978Hypoaspis tripodiger Berlese, 1916Hypoaspis trispinosa Berlese, 1920Hypoaspis tuberculata Masan, 1992Hypoaspis ungeri Karg, 1985Hypoaspis vacuus Hypoaspis vanmoli Loots, 1980Hypoaspis verticis Karg, 1978Hypoaspis vertisimilis Karg, 1994Hypoaspis wangae Hypoaspis weni Bai, Chen & Gu, 1994Hypoaspis womersleyi Domrow, 1957Hypoaspis wufengensis Liu & Ma, 2003Hypoaspis xiajiangensis Hypoaspis yamanchii Ishikawa, 1982Hypoaspis yeruiyuae Hypoaspis zhongweiensis Hypoaspis zhoumanshuae Ma-Liming, 1997