Iran at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Iran competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia; 17 athletes competed. Emam-Ali Habibi and Gholamreza Takhti won the nation's first gold medal in the Olympics, all in wrestling.
Competitors
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Athletics | 2 | 2 | |
| Weightlifting | 7 | 7 | |
| Wrestling | 8 | 8 | |
| Total | 17 | 0 | 17 |
Results by event
Athletics
;Men| Athlete | Event | 100m | LJ | SP | HJ | 400m | 110m H | DT | PV | JT | 1500m | Total | Rank |
| Najmeddin Farabi | Decathlon | 12.1 572 | 6.25 575 | 11.31 524 | 1.70 656 | 52.3 684 | 17.4 372 | 28.73 347 | 3.30 438 | 41.23 375 | 4:24.8 560 | 5103 | 12 |
Weightlifting
;Men| Athlete | Event | Press | Snatch | Clean & Jerk | Total | Rank |
| Mahmoud Namjoo | 56 kg | 100.0 | 102.5 | 130.0 | 332.5 | |
| Hossein Zarini | 60 kg | 92.5 | 92.5 | 120.0 | 305.0 | 13 |
| Henrik Tamraz | 67.5 kg | 115.0 | 105.0 | 145.0 | 365.0 | 5 |
| Ebrahim Peiravi | 75 kg | 107.5 | 117.5 | 147.5 | 372.5 | 7 |
| Jalal Mansouri | 82.5 kg | 132.5 | 122.5 | 162.5 | 417.5 | 4 |
| Hassan Rahnavardi | 90 kg | 140.0 | 127.5 | 157.5 | 425.0 | 4 |
| Firouz Pojhan | +90 kg | 147.5 | 132.5 | 170.0 | 450.0 | 4 |