Howard da Silva

Howard da Silva was an American actor, director and musical performer on stage, film, television and radio. He was cast in dozens of productions on the New York stage, appeared in more than two dozen television programs, and acted in more than fifty feature films. Adept at both drama and musicals on the stage, he originated the role of Jud Fry in the original 1943 run of the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical Oklahoma!, and also portrayed the prosecuting attorney in the 1957 stage production of Compulsion. Da Silva was nominated for a 1960 Tony Award as Best Featured Actor in a Musical for his work in Fiorello!, a musical about New York City mayor LaGuardia. In 1961, da Silva directed Purlie Victorious, by Ossie Davis.
Many of his early feature films were of the noir genre in which he often played villains, such as Eddie Harwood in The Blue Dahlia and the sadistic Captain Francis Thompson in Two Years Before the Mast. Da Silva's performances as historic figures are among some of his most notable work: he was Lincoln's brawling friend Jack Armstrong in both play and film versions of Abe Lincoln in Illinois written by Robert Sherwood; Benjamin Franklin in the 1969–1972 stage musical 1776 and a reprisal of the role for the 1972 film version of the production; Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev in The Missiles of October ; Franklin D. Roosevelt in The Private Files of J. Edgar Hoover ; and Louis B. Mayer in Mommie Dearest.
Da Silva's American television character work included the defense attorney representing the robot in The Outer Limits episode "I, Robot", and district attorney Anthony Cleese in For the People. For his performance as Eddie in the Great Performances production of Verna: USO Girl, the actor received a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Comedy or Drama Special.
In the 1970s, da Silva appeared in 26 episodes of the radio series the CBS Radio Mystery Theater.

Early life

Da Silva was born in Cleveland, Ohio, the son of Bertha and Benjamin Silverblatt, a dress cutter. His parents were both immigrants, Yiddish-speaking Jews born in the Russian Empire. His mother was a women's-rights activist. Before beginning his acting career on the stage, he was employed as a steelworker.
Da Silva was a graduate of the Carnegie Institute of Technology. He studied acting with Eva Le Gallienne beginning in 1928 at the Civic Repertory Theatre. He changed his surname for acting purposes, adopting the Portuguese Da Silva.

Career

Da Silva appeared in a number of Broadway musicals, including the role of Larry Foreman in the legendary first production of Marc Blitzstein's musical The Cradle Will Rock. Later, he costarred in the original 1943 stage production of Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma!, playing the role of the psychopathic Jud Fry. He was the easygoing Ben Marino who opposed Tammany Hall in the Pulitzer winning musical Fiorello!.
File:Nixon 1776 play C3006-34.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Da Silva and other cast members of 1776 with Richard Nixon following a performance of the Tony Award-winning musical in the East Room of the White House
In 1969, da Silva originated the role of Benjamin Franklin in the musical 1776. Four days before the show opened on Broadway, he suffered a minor heart attack but refused to seek medical assistance because he wanted to make sure critics saw his performance. After the four official critic performances were over, the cast left to go to the cast party and da Silva went to the hospital and immediately took a leave of absence from the production. While da Silva recuperated, his understudy, Rex Everhart, took over the role and performed on the cast recording. Da Silva was able to reprise his role in the 1972 film version and appeared on that soundtrack album.
Da Silva did summer stock at the Pine Brook Country Club, located in the countryside of Nichols, Connecticut, with the Group Theatre formed by Harold Clurman, Cheryl Crawford and Lee Strasberg in the 1930s and early 1940s.
Da Silva appeared in over 60 motion pictures. Some of his memorable roles include a leading mutineer in The Sea Wolf, Ray Milland's bartender in The Lost Weekend, and the half-blind criminal "Chicamaw 'One-Eye' Mobley" in They Live by Night. He also released an album on Monitor Records of political songs and ballads entitled Politics and Poker.
Da Silva returned to the stage, and he was nominated for the 1960 Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Musical for his role as "Ben Marino" in Fiorello!. After being blacklisted, da Silva and Nelson left Los Angeles for New York to perform in The World of Sholom Aleichem.
Da Silva was nominated for the British BAFTA Film Award for Best Foreign Actor for his performance as Dr. Swinford in David and Lisa. Da Silva portrayed Soviet Premier Khrushchev in the television docudrama The Missiles of October. He won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Comedy or Drama Special for his role as Eddie in Verna: U.S.O. Girl with Sissy Spacek.
Da Silva's TV guest appearances, after the era in which blacklisting was strongest, include such programs as The Outer Limits, Ben Casey, The Man from U.N.C.L.E., The Fugitive, Gentle Ben, Mannix, Love, American Style, Kung Fu, and Archie Bunker's Place.
Da Silva also played President Franklin D. Roosevelt in The Private Files of J. Edgar Hoover, Hollywood mogul Louis B. Mayer in Mommie Dearest, and American statesman Benjamin Franklin in both 1776 and a documentary depicting the life of Ben Franklin shown at Franklin's house in Philadelphia, as well as in a television commercial for Consolidated Edison. He appeared in two different film adaptations of F. Scott Fitzgerald's 1925 novel, The Great Gatsby. In the 1949 production with Alan Ladd as Gatsby, da Silva played garage owner George Wilson; in the 1974 film with Robert Redford, da Silva was Meyer Wolfsheim, the flamboyant gambler with the interesting cufflinks. In his final appearance on screen, da Silva played a New York photographer fascinated with the reclusive Greta Garbo in the film Garbo Talks, directed by Sidney Lumet.
He also did voice acting in 26 episodes of the popular 1974–82 radio thriller series CBS Radio Mystery Theater. In 1978, he recorded linking narration for episodes of the British television program Doctor Who broadcast in the United States.

Blacklisting

Da Silva became one of hundreds of artists blacklisted in the entertainment industry during the House Committee on Unamerican Activities investigation into alleged Communist influence in the industry. Following his March 1951 testimony, in which he repeatedly invoked his Fifth Amendment rights, his lead performance in the completed feature film Slaughter Trail was re-shot with actor Brian Donlevy. Da Silva continued to find work on the New York stage, but did not work in feature films again until 1961 when he appeared in David and Lisa. He was eventually cleared of any charges in 1960, but not before his career in television had also stalled, with no work between 1951 and 1959 when he appeared in The Play of the Week. The brief respite was followed by another television career void until his appearance in a 1963 episode of The Defenders. That was the beginning of the end of da Silva's blacklist, and the show's producer Herb Brodkin paired da Silva with William Shatner when he created the television series For the People.

Personal life and death

Da Silva's first wife was Evelyn Horowitz. They were married on August 13, 1930, in Manhattan, New York City.
His second wife was stage actress Jane Louise Taylor, born in 1913 in New York. They were married in January 1941 in Yuma, Arizona, and had one son. They were divorced on July 28, 1948, in Los Angeles, California.
His third wife was actress Marjorie Nelson; they were married on August 19, 1950, in Hollywood, California. Da Silva and Nelson had two daughters and were divorced on May 9, 1961, in Juárez, Mexico.
His fourth wife was Nancy Nutter; they were married in May or June 1961 in Greenwich, England.
Da Silva died of lymphoma, aged 76, in Ossining, New York.

Acting credits

Stage

Film

Television

Year	Title	Role	Notes	Refs.
1950			My Heart's in the Highlands
1951			My Heart's in the Highlands
1959		Dupont-Dufour Sr.	Thieves Carnival
1963		Peter Cole	The Bagman
1963	East Side/West Side	Wallace Mapes	I Believe E Except After C
1963		Dr. McClendon	Disaster Call
1964		Arnold Fermuller	The Man Who
1964		Thurman Cutler	I, Robot
1965	For the People	Anthony Celese	13 episodes
1965	Ben Casey	Ulysses Pagoras	The Day They Stole Country General
1965	Ben Casey	Cantor Nathan Birmbaum	A Nightingale Named Nathan
1966		Captain Basil Calhoun	The Foreign Legion Affair
1966		Gonzales	To Hang a Dead Man
1966		Pete Dawes	Death is the Door Prize
1967	N.Y.P.D.	Dimitchik	Old Gangsters Never Die
1967	Gentle Ben	Phillip Garrett	Battle of Wedlow Woods
1968	Mannix	Aram Karmalis	You Can Get Killed Out There
1972	Keep the Faith	Rabbi Mossman	TV film
1973	Love, American Style	Doctor Wazanskyi	Love and the End of the Line
1973	Kung Fu	Otto Schultz	The Hoots
1974	Smile Jenny, You're Dead	Lt. Humphrey Kenner	TV film
1974		Nikita Khrushchev	TV film
1976		William M Tweed	Stop, Thief!
1977	Insight	Arnstein – Violinist	Arnstein's Miracle
1978	When the Boat Comes In	Host	American broadcast
1978	Great Performances	Eddie	Verna:USO Girl
1980	Power	Jack Eisenstadt	TV film
1980		Conklin	TV film
1983	Archie Bunker's Place	Abe Rabinowitz	The Promotion
1983	Masquerade	General Breznin	Pilot
1984	American Playhouse	Critic	The Cafeteria