High-speed rail in the Czech Republic


High-speed rail in the Czech Republic is being planned with construction starting in 2026 and maximum speed between 200 and 320 km/h. Although České Dráhy owns and operates multiple rolling stock capable of speeds of since 2004, there is, as of 2023, no infrastructure capable of velocity over. The only exception is the 13.3-kilometre long track at Velim railway test circuit with a maximum allowed speed of for tilting trains and up to for conventional trains. Czech rolling stock manufacturer Škoda Transportation has produced high-speed rolling stock since the 1970s.

Infrastructure

The basis for Czech high-speed rail was laid down in 2017 when the Government approved the High-Speed Rail Development Program. According to this program, the following routes, referred to as "RS", will be developed:
The development will include the construction of new lines as well as upgrade existing lines to. New high-speed routes will consist of the following shorter sections:
labelsectionroutelengthmaximum speedservicestart of constructionexpected completion
VRT-01VRT PolabíRS1, RS529 km320 km/hpassengers20272032
VRT-02VRT Střední ČechyRS170 km320 km/hpassengers20282032
VRT Vysočina II. fázeRS179 km320 km/hpassengers20292034
VRT-04VRT Vysočina I. fázeRS133 km320 km/hpassengers20282032
VRT HanáRS1N/A320 km/hpassengersafter 2040after 2045
VRT-05VRT Jižní MoravaRS234 km320 km/hpassengers20272030
VRT-06VRT Moravská brána IRS120 km320 km/hpassengers20272030
VRT-07VRT Moravská brána IIRS145 km320 km/hpassengers20262032
VRT-08VRT PodřipskoRS458 km320 km/hpassengers20272030
VRT Středohorský tunelRS421.5 km250 km/hpassengers, freight20382045
VRT-09VRT Krušnohorský tunelRS423 km200 km/hpassengers, freight20282038
VRT PoohříRS465 km250 km/hpassengers, freightafter 20302035
VRT Východní ČechyRS560 km250–320 km/hpassengersafter 2040after 2040
VRT PodkrkonošíRS550–60 km250–320 km/hN/Aafter 2040after 2040

Pilot projects

In 2018 SŽDC identified following three shorter sections as pilot projects:

Train stations planning

Along the high-speed route RS1, several new train stations are planned. Just south to the D11 motorway in the town of Nehvizdy in the Prague-East District, the new Prague East Terminal is being planned. This station will be a transport hub as a part of the RS1 and RS5 routes and will mainly serve residents of the northeastern part of the Central Bohemian Region. Along RS1, the high-speed line will be connected via a branch line to the train station of Světlá nad Sázavou, which will be reconstructed.
Close to highway exit 112 on the D1 motorway in the Jihlava District, a new Jihlava train station is planned as part of RS1. This station will also be connected to the regional railway between Jihlava and Havlíčkův Brod and serve as a transport hub for the Vysočina Region. Another new station to the west of Velká Bíteš is planned on a branch line from the RS1 towards the regional railway between Havlíčkův Brod and Brno.
In the south of Brno, the new train station Brno-Vídeňská is planned to serve the region around Brno and to prevent unnecessary traffic to Brno main railway station in the city centre.
One new train station is planned along the high-speed route RS4. This new train station will be constructed to the west of Roudnice nad Labem and will serve as a transfer hub in the Litoměřice District.
SŽ is also considering upgrading of some ETCS-equipped tracks to and also upgrading some current projects to. In 2020 SŽ called for bids to upgrade ongoing Soběslav – Doubí project and Sudoměřice – Votice project to, both projects are on Prague – České Budějovice route.

Rolling stock operated in the Czech Republic

Since 2004 České dráhy have been operating seven ČD Class 680 sets. These Pendolino-based trains are capable of operating at and were intended for operation on the Berlin – Prague – Vienna route. While testing from Břeclav to Brno on 18 November 2004, the ČD Class 680 reached a speed of and created a new Czech railway speed record. In reality ČD Class 680 were never operated in Germany and appeared only in Austria and Slovakia; since 2012 they have only operated on domestic routes and in Slovakia.
From 2010 České dráhy are receiving delivery of 20 new ČD Class 380 locomotives capable of a speed of, they operate also tens of passenger cars capable of that speed. In 2013 České dráhy also ordered 7 Railjet trains capable of a speed of.

Rolling stock manufactured in the Czech Republic

In 1974 and 1979 Škoda produced 12 Škoda 66Е locomotives capable of a speed of for the Soviet Union. These were designated as Chs200 and were used mainly on the Nevsky Express train on the Moscow – Saint Petersburg Railway. The locomotives were refurbished in the 1990s and during testing in 2007 one locomotive reached a speed of.
Since 2008 Škoda has been producing Skoda 109E locomotives capable of a speed over. The ČD Class 380 batch is certified for, however the Slovak ZSSK Class 381 batch only for a speed of.

Future rolling stock

České dráhy aimed to make their fleet ready for speeds over 200 km/h by issuing a tender of procuring new rolling stock. In 2021 the consortium of Siemens Mobility and Škoda Transportation has won the tender for 20 Viaggio Comfort non-traction units with eight passenger cars and a passenger control car, enabling push-pull operation. With designed operating speed of, the delivery is expected to start from 2024 to 2026 and the order is valued at around half a billion EUR.
The cars will be approved for operation in the Czech Republic and neighbouring European countries such as Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, and Poland. The non-traction units will be used with Siemens Vectron MS locomotives ordered separately in 2022, with deliveries starting in 2025 and an initial amount of 50 locomotives with designated speed of.