Hetepheres II


Hetepheres II was a queen of ancient Egypt during the 4th Dynasty.

Biography

Birth and family

Queen Hetepheres II may have been one of the longest-lived members of the royal family of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt, which lasted from c. 2723 to 2563 BC. She was a daughter of Khufu and was either born during the reign of her grandfather Sneferu or during the early years of her father's reign. She was named after her grandmother, Hetepheres I and she had an aunt named Hetepheres A. A fragmentary titulature found in the tomb of Meritites I may indicate that she was the mother of Hetepheres II.
;Titles of Hetepheres II
  • Daughter of the King of Upper and Lower Egypt Khufu
  • King’s beloved daughter of his body
  • King’s Daughter
  • King’s wife
  • King’s wife, his beloved
  • Beholder of Horus and Seth,
  • Follower of Horus
  • Intimate of Horus
  • Companion of Horus
  • Consort of him who is beloved of the Two Ladies
  • Great favorite
  • Controller of the butchers of the acacia house
  • Priestess of Thoth
  • Priestess of Bapefy
  • Priestess of Tjasep

    Marriages

During the reign of Khufu, Hetepheres II married her brother, the Crown Prince Kawab, with whom she had at least 2 children, a daughter named Meresankh III and a son named Mindjedef. After the death of her first husband, she married another of her brothers, Djedefre who later succeeded Khufu as king of Egypt.
She was widowed a second time when Djedefre died. The marriage of her daughter, Meresankh III, to her late second husband's successor Khafre made Hetepheres II the mother-in-law of the new king. She would later out-live Meresankh III. A mark of her affection for Meresankh III may be seen in the fact that Hetepheres II had her own mastaba in the eastern cemetery of Giza converted into a tomb for her daughter's use. Hetepheres II herself was probably buried in tomb G7350 even though she possessed a joint tomb with her first husband, Kawab.
While marriage within the royal family was common, multiple marriages to this extent was not. It has been suggested her subsequent marriage to Djedefre was honorary in nature and done in order to maintain her position at court. She never produced an heir to the throne in her second marriage and was never given the title of King's Mother.
Hetepheres finally died early in the reign of Shepseskaf, the son and successor of Menkaura, and had thus witnessed the reigns of at least five and perhaps six kings of the fourth Dynasty.

Children

Children with Kawab

  • Mindjedef: "King’s son of his body", "Hereditary prince", "Treasurer of the King of Lower Egypt", etc. His wife was named Khufu-ankh. His tomb is located in Giza: G 7760.
  • Meresankh III: Wife of Khafre.

    Children with Djedefre

  • Neferhetepes

    Possible children with Kawab

  • Duaenhor dwA n Hr – "King’s son of his body", "Companion of his father". Buried in G 7550.
  • Kaemsekhem: "King’s son", "Director of the Palace". The wife of Kaemsekhem is named Ka'aper kA a:p*r. He may be the father of Rawer and Minkhaf. His tomb was located in Giza: G 7660.