Herman of Ename


Herman of Ename, was a count in what is now Belgium, who was responsible to the emperor for holding the frontier fort at Ename in the Pagus of Brabant, which faced the County of Flanders in the Kingdom of France.
Herman was the third son of Godfrey "the captive", Count of Verdun and Margrave of Ename, and Matilda, who was a daughter of Herman, Duke of Saxony, and widow of Baldwin III of Flanders. Herman was therefore a member of the Verdun branch of the family referred to today as House of Ardenne. During this period this family coordinated with the bishops, who were in many cases also relatives, to enforce imperial policies in Lotharingia.
Herman fought in several important battles supporting his brother Godfrey "the childless", who was Duke of Lower Lotharingia. Another brother of theirs, Gozelon, held another Lotharingian border position against Flanders at Antwerp, and later became duke of both Lower and Upper Lotharingia. The county of their father, Verdun in Upper Lotharingia was held by another brother Frederic, but during this period it apparently came under the suzerainty of the Bishopric of Verdun. Apart from the increasing pressure coming from Flanders, the brothers also fought against the "Reginarid" family who had once held a similar position of power in Lotharingia, but were now seen as rebellious allies of Flanders. After the death of the Reginarid Lambert I, Count of Louvain, marriages were arranged between the two families.
Tensions with Flanders were not resolved during Herman's lifetime, and it is only some generations later that his Brabant lands were divided between enlarged versions of the counties of Hainaut and Flanders, which then remained as a stable situation for centuries.

Life

As explained in the medieval account of the Deeds of the bishops of Cambrai:
It has been proposed that Herman might be the same man of that name who held counties in what is now Germany, in the Eifelgau in the 10th century but the identification is likely to be wrong. Other proposals have been made associating Herman with records further north in Germany, but these are also unlikely to be correct.
In 1013, Herman was present at Hoegaarden on the side of his brother Duke Godfrey the childless, defending against an attack of Lambert I, Count of Louvain on behalf of the prince-bishop of Liège. Herman was captured and placed in the custody of Robert II, Count of Namur. He was soon released due to the negotiations on his behalf by Robert's mother Ermengarde, who achieved imperial forgiveness for Robert in return.
Herman was again present with his brother Godfrey at the battle of Florennes in 1015 when their opponent Count Lambert was killed. After this success, the bishop of Cambrai, Gerard, reluctantly gave permission for Herman's daughter to marry Lambert's nephew, Reginar V, in the interests of peace.
Herman was one of the greatest benefactors to the near Verdun. Both he and his brother Frederick became monks there and were buried there. Herman and Abbot Richard also worked towards the investiture of Herman's cousin Gerard of Florennes as Bishop of Cambrai.
Herman had a wife named Mathilde of unknown origins, and together they had at least three children who, like him and Mathilde, were interred in Saint-Vanne:
  • Gregory. Hugh of Flavigny says he died young. Alperic of Trois-Fontaines says he was Archdeacon of Liège, but also calls his father a count of Dagsburg.
  • Godfrey. It has been proposed that he was a Count of Westphalia and Count of Cappenberg. Johanna Maria van Winter has proposed that he died in Merwede in 1018, at the battle which imperial forces led by his uncle Godfrey lost against the count of Holland.
  • Odilia, Abbess of Hohenbourg in Alsace, who died while celebrating Easter at Saint-Vanne with her parents.
Two more children are known to have buried young in Velzeke, near Ename:
  • Herman
  • Berthilda
And a particularly important child was his daughter:
Herman had one illegitimate son by an unknown mistress:
  • Godefroi.
Herman died 28 May 1029, as was recorded in the necrology of the abbey, and also the necrology of Saint Lambert in Liège.

Biography

Medieval