After graduation from the University of Michigan in June 1861, Utley went to work as a reporter for the Detroit Free Press. In April 1966, he left the Free Press to become city editor for the new Detroit Post. Utley remained with that newspaper after it merged with the Detroit Advertiser and Tribune to form the Detroit Post and Tribune in 1877. In November 1880, he was elected secretary of the Detroit Board of Education and left the Post and Tribune in January 1881 to assume that office.
Utley was named City Librarian for the City of Detroit in July 1885. He retired from that position in 1913. Utley died in Detroit on February 16, 1917.