Seattle Cascades
The Seattle Cascades were a charter franchise of World Team Tennis. The team first played as the Hawaii Leis in the league's inaugural 1974 season, before becoming the Sea-Port Cascades for the 1977 season, when it played half its home matches in Seattle, Washington and the other half in Portland, Oregon. The team left Portland in 1978, and played nearly all its home matches in Seattle. The Cascades announced the team would fold following the 1978 season.
Team history
Founding and inaugural season
The Cascades were founded as WTT's charter franchise for San Diego, California in 1973, by orthodontist Dr. Leonard Bloom. The team adopted the name San Diego Swingers.The top 10 draft choices of the Swingers in the WTT inaugural draft were
| Round | Player chosen | ||
| 1 | 3 | 3 | Rod Laver |
| 2 | 14 | 30 | Karen Hantze Susman |
| 3 | 3 | 35 | Wendy Overton |
| 4 | 14 | 62 | Ilie Năstase |
| 5 | 3 | 67 | Jan Kodeš |
| 6 | 14 | 94 | Alex Metreveli |
| 7 | 3 | 99 | Maria Bueno |
| 8 | 14 | 126 | Roy Barth |
| 9 | 3 | 131 | Ann Haydon-Jones |
| 10 | 14 | 158 | Glynis Coles |
None of these players were on the Leis' opening day roster.
Before ever playing in San Diego, Bloom sold the team on February 15, 1974, to San Rafael, California lumber sales executive Don Kelleher who relocated the team to Honolulu, Hawaii. Rudy Tulipani was Kelleher's minority partner. After a contest was held to name the team, and more than 600 entries were submitted, the Swingers were renamed the Hawaii Leis. The Leis played nine of their 22 home matches at the Honolulu International Center and the other 13 at the Student Council Gymnasium on the campus of President William McKinley High School during the league's inaugural in 1974 season.
After moving to Hawaii, the team was active in the trade market. The Leis acquired Dennis Ralston and Ann Kiyomura in trades with the San Francisco Golden Gaters and Valerie Ziegenfuss and Ross Case in a trade with the Los Angeles Strings. Other players opening the season with the Leis were Brigitte Cuypers, Mike Machette and Kristy Pigeon. Ralston was the team's player-coach.
On May 7, 1974, the Leis played their inaugural match at the Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in the hamlet of Uniondale in the town of Hempstead, New York against the New York Sets in front of 4,999 fans. Under rules used only during the first few weeks of the season, the match comprised two sets of women's singles, two sets of men's singles and two sets of mixed doubles. No men's or women's doubles were played. WTT changed the match format on May 18, 1974, to one set each of men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, women's doubles and mixed doubles. Ziegenfuss topped Pam Teeguarden in the opening set of women's singles for the Leis, 6–4. Case took the second set in men's singles against Manuel Santana, 6–4. The Leis went on to win four of the six sets and take the match, 29–25.
The Leis' first home match was a 26–19 loss to the Golden Gaters in front of 2,689 fans at the Honolulu International Center on May 20, 1974.
The Leis signed Hawaiian player Charlie Panui midway through the season. Panui teamed with Kiyomura in mixed doubles on July 30, to take a set from David Lloyd and Ann Haydon Jones of the Minnesota Buckskins in a tiebreaker. The Leis lost the match in front of a home crowd of just 545 fans.
The Leis signed Barry McKay during the season.
The Leis finished the 1974 season with 14 wins and 30 losses, last place in the Pacific Section.
Buchholz becomes new coach
With six teams either folding or being contracted, one suspending operations and one new expansion team joining the league, there were many players who participated in WTT in 1974 who were available for 1975. The Leis brought back Brigitte Cuypers from the prior year's squad. They added Owen Davidson, Butch Buchholz and Chris Evert in the dispersal draft. John Newcombe was on loan from the Houston E-Z Riders who had suspended operations. The Leis selected Helen Gourlay in the dispersal draft when the E-Z Riders suspended operations. They also added Kathy Kuykendall and Tom Edlefsen. Evert, who had not expressed interest in playing WTT in 1975, was traded to the San Francisco Golden Gaters for Margaret Court who sat out 1974, while she was pregnant but signed with the Leis for 1975. Buchholz became the player-coach. The Leis also added four local Hawaiian players: Heather Dahlgren, Stanley Pasarell, Peter Burwash and Jim Osborne.The Leis played a 46-match WTT regular season schedule in 1975. The league used neutral-site matches to cut down on travel and create events where fans could see multiple teams either with one admission or over the course of a few days. These special events were called WTT Spectaculars. Because of these and because of scheduling challenges created when the E-Z Riders suspended operations just days before the season started, the 10 teams in the league did not play an equal number of matches. Seven of them played 44 matches, while the Leis, Boston Lobsters and San Diego Friars each played 46 matches. The Leis played home matches at both the Hawaii International Center and the Royal Lahaina Tennis Ranch in Lāhainā, Maui County, Hawaii.
With the remade roster filled with big-name stars, the Leis were doing much better at the gate. The team's average home attendance was up 72% over the prior year, the second largest percentage increase in WTT, as of the mid-season Wimbledon break.
Newcombe and Davidson were not committed to the Leis full-time. In addition, Newcombe suffered torn cartilage in his knee in June, which caused him to miss matches. The Leis struggled to a record of 14 wins and 32 losses, barely avoiding last place in the Western Division and the worst record in WTT by winning a standings tiebreaker over the Friars who had the same record.
Năstase joins the Leis
Although the Leis had drafted Ilie Năstase with their fourth pick in the WTT inaugural draft, they had left him unprotected in the 1974 draft, and he was selected by the New York Sets. In late 1975, Năstase expressed interest in playing WTT but not in New York, because New York fans had widely criticized him for his on-court behavior and emotional outbursts. The Sets agreed to allow the Leis to negotiate with Năstase with compensation going from Hawaii to New York if the Leis were to sign him to a contract. The Leis signed Năstase to a one-year contract worth in excess of $100,000. Leis owner Don Kelleher would not describe the amount with any more specificity than, "It was six figures." The Leis sent undisclosed cash consideration and draft picks to the Sets to complete the deal. The announcement of the trade for and signing of Năstase was made at the WTT's 1975 draft at which the most noteworthy player chosen by the Leis was two-sport star John Lucas.On April 23, 1976, the Leis reached a deal with the Pittsburgh Triangles whereby the Triangles would loan Sue Stap to the Leis for one year for an undisclosed amount of cash consideration. Under the deal, the rights to Stap revert to the Triangles after the 1976 season.
In addition to Năstase and Stap, the Leis also acquired Marcie Louie from the Golden Gaters. Player-coach Butch Buchholz, Owen Davidson and Helen Gourlay all returned from the previous season's team. The rights to John Newcombe were traded to the Los Angeles Strings. Margaret Court retired to have her third child.
On June 2, the Leis acquired Nancy Gunter in a trade with the Triangles for Sue Stap which completed both teams' obligations under the player loan agreement for Stap.
On June 6, Leis president Don Kelleher announced plans to sue Năstase for breach of contract seeking $4 million in damages. Năstase had left the Leis, because his visa had expired and then informed the team that he was not coming back.
The Leis planned to play all their home matches in the Neal S. Blaisdell Arena, the largest venue within the Honolulu International Center complex in 1976, leaving behind the smaller venues they had used in their first two seasons in Hawaii. Attendance at Leis' home matches was disappointing. While it hadn't slipped significantly from 1975, it was averaging about 2,500 fans per match for the first seven home dates of 1976. On July 2, Leis' president Kelleher announced that six home matches in late July would be moved: three to the Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Portland, Oregon and three to the Seattle Center Coliseum in Seattle, Washington. Kelleher said that he was looking into the possibility of moving the Leis to one of those two cities or having a joint franchise that would play in both cities. When announcing the movement of the six home matches to the Pacific Northwest, Kelleher said, "We feel we'll move." He then backed down slightly and said, "Let's say we're thinking of it. If we do move, Seattle is a strong possibility."
The Leis finished the 1976 season with 12 wins and 32 losses, last place in the Western Division and the worst record in WTT.
Move to Pacific Northwest
On September 23, 1976, team president Don Kelleher announced that the Leis would leave Hawaii for the 1977 season and play half their home matches in Seattle, Washington and the other half in Portland, Oregon. The team was renamed the Sea-Port Cascades.Kelleher wanted to repair the rift with Ilie Năstase. However, Năstase did not want to live in the Pacific Northwest. The Cascades traded his rights to the Los Angeles Strings who gave him a six-year contract worth $1.5 million and two silver Corvettes. The Cascades selected Evonne Goolagong Cawley in the dispersal draft held after the Pittsburgh Triangles folded. Kelleher was in serious negotiations with her when she became pregnant and decided not to play. The Cascades did have success signing Betty Stöve whom the team had selected in the draft, after she was left unprotected by the San Francisco Golden Gaters.
In February 1977, former Leis player Marcie Louie filed a lawsuit against the Cascades claiming breach of contract, libel, slander and invasion of privacy. She was seeking $1.5 million in damages.
Kelleher hired Marty Loughman as the team's general manager. Loughman signed JoAnne Russell, Erik van Dillen, Patricia Bostrom and Steve Docherty as free agents. Bostrom had been a star collegiate player with the Washington Huskies. On March 6, 1977, the Cascades landed another local player when they signed Tom Gorman who was ranked 12th in the world at the time and had played collegiate tennis for the Seattle Chieftains.
The Cascades played 11 of their 22 home matches at the Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Portland and the other 11 in Seattle. Some of the home matches in Seattle were played at the Seattle Center Coliseum. Most of them were played at the smaller Mercer Arena.
The Cascades were streaky in 1977. They started their season with 6 wins in their first 8 matches. Then, they lost 9 of their final 11 matches closing the first half of the season. Several players had bright moments during the season. Stöve had a brilliant Wimbledon during the break in the WTT schedule, reaching the final in women's singles, women's doubles and mixed doubles, but losing all three. She did return after the break to win the WTT Female All-Star Match Most Valuable Player Award. Russell teamed with former Leis player Helen Gourlay to beat Stöve and Martina Navratilova in the Wimbledon women's doubles final. In league play, Gorman recorded two set wins over Björn Borg who was at the peak of his Hall of Fame career.
The Cascades players maintained residences in Seattle during the 1977 season. After home matches in Portland, the players were expected to catch the first commercial flight back to Seattle, because team president Kelleher refused to pay for hotel rooms for them.
At the start of the Wimbledon break, Kelleher fired the Cascades public relations director George Hill. In announcing the firing, Kelleher said, "We looked around at all the empty seats and felt we needed to be more sales oriented." However, the team had lost 9 of its previous 11 matches, and Kelleher refused to allocate any money in the team's budget to pay for advertising. Upset with the firing of Hill, salesperson Dianne Shorett and secretary/bookkeeper Molly Cheshier both quit. Shortett later sued the Cascades claiming $3,360.03 in unpaid salary and commissions.
The Cascades finished the 1977 season with 18 wins and 26 losses, fourth place in the Western Division and secured the first playoff berth in franchise history.
The Cascades went on the road for the first match of the best-of-three Western Division Semifinals and lost, 30–14, to a seasoned Phoenix Racquets team on August 16. Two days later, the Cascades hosted the second match at Pamplin Sports Center in Portland. Kelleher was convinced that no advertising was needed for a playoff match in which the opposing team featured Chris Evert. When general manager Loughman saw the advance ticket sales were very low, he drove through the streets of downtown Portland on the day of the match with a loudspeaker on top of his car advertising the playoff match and the presence of Evert and the Racquets. It didn't help. Fewer than 700 people showed up to see the Cascades fall in a tight match, 27–26, ending the season for Sea-Port. After the match, Evert said, "I haven't played before a crowd like this, in a high school gym like this, since I was playing juniors."
Loughman resigned as general manager on September 7, saying, "It's Don Kelleher's team and his money, and he's entitled to run the club and spend his money any way he wants. But for me to be involved it had to be more professional."