Gaon (Hebrew)
Gaon was originally a formal title for the Geonim, heads of Talmudic academies in the 6th–11th century. Since the rishonic period, many great rabbis, whether or not they head academies, are often lauded with this honorific as a mark of respect; for example, one may refer to Ovadia Yosef as "HaGaon Ovadia Yosef". Modern Hebrew reuses the word as an equivalent for "genius" based on phonetic similarity.
Etymology
It may have originated as a shortened version of "Rosh Yeshivat Ge'on Ya'akov", although there are alternative explanations. In Ancient Hebrew, it referred to arrogance and haughty pride and, according to another explanation, it later became known as a general term for pride, and the title was used as "Pride ".Examples
One of the Geonim during the period 589–1040. Prominent Geonim include:- Yehudai ben Nahman
- Sar Shalom ben Boaz
- Natronai ben Hilai, Gaon of Sura
- Amram ben Sheshna, Gaon of Sura
- Saadia Gaon
- Zemah ben Hayyim
- Sherira ben Hanina
- Samuel ben Hofni
- Hai ben Sherira
Specific rabbis of later periods, called "gaon", include: