Gross National Income Regulation 2019


The Gross National Income Regulation 2019/516 is a Regulation in EU law that sets out methods for calculating "Gross Domestic Product" and "Gross National Income" in EU accounts and for member states. It repeals Council Directive 89/130/EEC, Euratom and Council Regulation No 1287/2003.

Contents

Article 1 states that "Gross national income at market prices and gross domestic product at market prices shall be defined in accordance with the European System of Accounts 2010 established by Regulation No 549/2013." Article 1 then states, "GDP means the final result of the production activity of resident producer units. It can be defined in three ways:
Article 1 defines GNI as "the total primary income receivable by resident institutional units: compensation of employees, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, property income, gross operating surplus and gross mixed income. GNI equals GDP minus primary income payable by resident institutional units to non-resident institutional units plus primary income receivable by resident institutional units from the rest of the world."
Article 2 outlines the transmission of GNI data and additional information by member states to the Commission annually before 1 October.
Article 3 requires member states to provide an inventory of the sources and methods used to produce GNI aggregates and their components.
Article 4 establishes a formal expert group to advise the Commission on the comparability, reliability, and exhaustiveness of GNI calculations.
Article 5 mandates that GNI data must be reliable, exhaustive, and comparable.
Article 6 allows for GNI information visits by the Commission to verify the quality of GNI aggregates and their components.
Article 7 delegates power to the Commission to adopt delegated acts to ensure the reliability, exhaustiveness, and comparability of GNI data.
Article 8 establishes that the Commission shall be assisted by the European Statistical System Committee.
Article 9 requires the Commission to present a report to the European Parliament and the Council on the application of the Regulation by 1 January 2023.
Article 10 repeals Council Directive 89/130/EEC, Euratom, and Council Regulation No 1287/2003.

Criticism

The measures of GDP and GNI are widely criticised for counting as positive production that causes widespread pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, or harm to human health, particularly from gas, oil, coal, tobacco, firearms, or other harmful products and substances. Since it already excludes illegal products from accounts, it has been recommended that GDP and GNI be redefined to exclude harmful production.