Groom in Waiting
The office of Groom in Waiting was a post in the Royal Household of the United Kingdom, which in earlier times was usually held by more than one person at a time – in the late Middle Ages there might be dozens of persons with the rank, though the Esquires and Knights of the Body were more an important and select group. Grooms-in-Waiting to other members of the Royal Family and Extra Grooms in Waiting were also sometimes appointed. For the general history of court valets or grooms see Valet de chambre.
From the time of the Restoration (1660), the king was attended by Grooms of the Bedchamber, whose functions as attendants on the monarch's person were performed in the reign of Queen Anne by Women of the Bedchamber. By the time of Queen Victoria, however, the majority of political offices no longer involving regular attendance on the sovereign, there were appointed, in addition to the Queen's Women of the Bedchamber, eight Grooms in Waiting who would discharge those political and social functions of the Grooms of the Bedchamber which could not be undertaken by the Queen's attendants of the female sex. After Queen Victoria's reign, the nomenclature of "Grooms in Waiting" was retained in preference to "Grooms of the Bedchamber".
One of the holders of the office was designated the Parliamentary Groom in Waiting from about 1859, when it became customary to appoint a Member of Parliament who was a supporter of the government of the day. In addition to his political functions, the Parliamentary Groom in Waiting was in attendance on the Queen with the other grooms. The office became vacant in 1891, when Brownlow Cecil, Baron Burghley was promoted to the similar political office of Vice-Chamberlain of the Household. The political office fell into disuse in 1892, since which time it has not been revived, although this did not affect the non-political, court position of Groom in Waiting.
List of Parliamentary Grooms in Waiting
- 1859 Robert Nigel Fitzhardinge Kingscote
- 1866 Charles Hugh Lindsay
- 1869 Algernon Fulke Greville
- 1874 Donald Cameron (of Lochiel)
- 1880 William Carington
- 1883 William Henry Grenfell
- 1883 Sir Gerard Smith
- 1885 Sir Henry Aubrey-Fletcher, 4th Baronet
- 1886 Charles Robert Spencer
- 1886 Brownlow Cecil, Baron Burghley
- 1891 office vacant
- 1892 ''office abolished''
List of all Grooms in Waiting
Victoria (1837–1901 )
In Ordinary| Date | ||||||||
| 17 July 1837 | General Sir William Lumley | Admiral Sir Robert Otway, Bt | Colonel Thomas Armstrong | Charles Augustus Murray | William Cowper MP | Henry Rich MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | - |
| 27 July 1837 | General Sir William Lumley | Admiral Sir Robert Otway, Bt | Colonel Thomas Armstrong | Charles Augustus Murray | William Cowper MP | Henry Rich MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 12 June 1838 | General Sir William Lumley | Admiral Sir Robert Otway, Bt | Colonel Thomas Armstrong | George Keppel | William Cowper MP | Henry Rich MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 7 September 1841 | General Sir William Lumley | Admiral Sir Robert Otway, Bt | Captain Henry Meynell | George Keppel | William Cowper MP | Henry Rich MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 14 September 1841 | General Sir William Lumley | Admiral Sir Robert Otway, Bt | Captain Henry Meynell | George Keppel | William Cowper MP | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 21 September 1841 | General Sir William Lumley | Admiral Sir Robert Otway, Bt | Captain Henry Meynell | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | William Cowper MP | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 24 September 1841 | General Sir William Lumley | Admiral Sir Robert Otway, Bt | Captain Henry Meynell | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | Arthur Duncombe MP | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 7 November 1842 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Admiral Sir Robert Otway, Bt | Captain Henry Meynell | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | Arthur Duncombe MP | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 3 March 1846 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Admiral Sir Robert Otway, Bt | Captain Henry Meynell | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 4 August 1846 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Admiral Sir Edward Codrington | Captain Henry Meynell | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 5 October 1846 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Admiral Sir Edward Codrington | Lieutenant Colonel Robert Edward Boyle MP | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 11 July 1848 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Captain Joseph Denman | Lieutenant Colonel Robert Edward Boyle MP | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 23 March 1852 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Captain Joseph Denman | William Stuart Knox MP | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 13 July 1852 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Mortimer Sackville-West | William Stuart Knox MP | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 3 March 1853 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel Robert Edward Boyle MP | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 23 January 1854 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Captain Alexander Nelson Hood | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 21 January 1858 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | John Ormsby-Gore | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 25 June 1859 | Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | Colonel Sir Robert Kingscote MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 24 September 1859 | Rear-Admiral Sir Henry Keppel | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | Colonel Sir Robert Kingscote MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Colonel Sir Frederick Stovin |
| 18 November 1859 | Rear-Admiral Sir Henry Keppel | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | Colonel Sir Robert Kingscote MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | General Sir Henry Bentinck |
| 17 April 1860 | Rear-Admiral Sir William Hoste, Bart. | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Edward Bowater | Colonel Sir Robert Kingscote MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | General Sir Henry Bentinck |
| 26 December 1861 | Rear-Admiral Sir William Hoste, Bart. | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | Colonel Sir Robert Kingscote MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | General Sir Henry Bentinck |
| 1 August 1866 | Rear-Admiral Sir William Hoste, Bart. | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | General Sir Henry Bentinck |
| 1 June 1867 | Rear-Admiral Sir William Hoste, Bart. | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Major-General Francis Seymour |
| 18 January 1868 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay MP | Sir Henry Seton, Bart. | Major-General Francis Seymour |
| 21 July 1868 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay MP | Major-General Francis Seymour | |
| 22 December 1868 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | Captain Algernon Greville-Nugent MP | Major-General Francis Seymour | |
| 1 January 1869 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | Captain Algernon Greville-Nugent MP | Lieutenant Colonel Ernest Augustus Murray MacGregor | Major-General Francis Seymour |
| 8 March 1869 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | Captain Algernon Greville-Nugent MP | Colonel Henry Lyndenoch Gardiner | Major-General Francis Seymour |
| 1 October 1872 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | Captain Algernon Greville-Nugent MP | Lieutenant Colonel Henry Byng | Major-General Francis Seymour |
| 4 November 1873 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | William Edwardes, 4th Baron Kensington MP | Lieutenant Colonel Henry Byng | Major-General Francis Seymour |
| 13 February 1874 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | William Edwardes, 4th Baron Kensington MP | John Francis Campbell of Islay | Major-General Francis Seymour |
| 6 March 1874 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Colonel Lord James Murray | - | John Francis Campbell of Islay | Major-General Francis Seymour |
| 26 May 1874 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Captain John Edmund Commerell | - | John Francis Campbell of Islay | Major-General Francis Seymour |
| 24 February 1876 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Mortimer Sackville-West | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Captain John Edmund Commerell | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | John Francis Campbell of Islay | - |
| 1 October 1876 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Captain Charles Edmund Phipps | Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish | Colonel George Liddell | Captain John Edmund Commerell | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | John Francis Campbell of Islay | - |
| 21 December 1877 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Captain Charles Edmund Phipps | Major Arthur Frederick Pickard | Colonel George Liddell | Captain John Edmund Commerell | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | John Francis Campbell of Islay | - |
| 9 December 1879 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Captain Charles Edmund Phipps | Major Arthur Frederick Pickard | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | John Francis Campbell of Islay | - |
| 1 January 1880 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Arthur Bigge | Major Arthur Frederick Pickard | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | John Francis Campbell of Islay | - |
| 22 March 1880 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Arthur Bigge | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | John Francis Campbell of Islay | - |
| 20 May 1880 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Arthur Bigge | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | John Francis Campbell of Islay | Lieutenant Colonel William Carington MP |
| 24 July 1880 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Arthur Bigge | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Lieutenant Colonel William Carington MP |
| 9 May 1881 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Colonel George Liddell | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Lieutenant Colonel William Carington MP |
| 29 December 1882 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Colonel Henry Ewart | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Lieutenant Colonel William Carington MP |
| 3 March 1883 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Colonel Henry Ewart | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Colonel Gerard Smith MP |
| 30 June 1884 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Colonel Gerard Smith MP |
| 8 July 1885 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Sir Henry Aubrey-Fletcher, 4th Baronet |
| 10 February 1886 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Charles Robert Spencer MP |
| 13 August 1886 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Lieutenant Colonel Charles Hugh Lindsay | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Brownlow Cecil, Baron Burghley MP |
| 8 April 1889 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Major Henry Legge | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Brownlow Cecil, Baron Burghley MP |
| 24 November 1891 | Rear-Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Major Henry Legge | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | |
| 31 December 1891 | Admiral John Edmund Commerell | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Major Henry Legge | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | |
| 21 May 1892 | Admiral John Edmund Commerell | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Major Henry Legge | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Colonel Lord William Cecil |
| 1 October 1893 | Admiral John Edmund Commerell | Lieutenant Colonel Lord Edward Clinton | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Captain Malcolm Drummond | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Colonel Lord William Cecil |
| 1 February 1895 | Admiral John Edmund Commerell | Captain Charles Harbord | Captain Fleetwood Edwards | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Captain Malcolm Drummond | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Colonel Lord William Cecil |
| 6 June 1895 | Admiral John Edmund Commerell | Captain Charles Harbord | Colonel Henry Donald Browne | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Major-General Sir Michael Biddulph | Captain Malcolm Drummond | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Colonel Lord William Cecil |
| 16 December 1895 | Admiral John Edmund Commerell | Captain Charles Harbord | Colonel Henry Donald Browne | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Lieutenant Colonel Arthur Davidson | Captain Malcolm Drummond | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Colonel Lord William Cecil |
| 30 June 1896 | Admiral John Edmund Commerell | Captain Charles Harbord | Colonel Henry Donald Browne | Alexander Grantham Yorke | General Henry Lyndenoch Gardiner | Captain Malcolm Drummond | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Colonel Lord William Cecil |
| 25 December 1897 | Admiral John Edmund Commerell | Captain Charles Harbord | Colonel Henry Donald Browne | Alexander Grantham Yorke | Lieutenant-General Godfrey Clerk | Captain Malcolm Drummond | Captain Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell | Colonel Lord William Cecil |
Extra
- 17 July 1837-18 December 1842 General Sir Frederick Augustus Wetherall
- 7 November 1842-15 December 1850 General Sir William Lumley
- 31 December 1844-3 June 1895 Charles Augustus Murray
- 24 September 1859-3 May 1860 Lieutenant-General Berkeley Drummond
- 28 March 1860-16 August 1865 General Sir Frederick Stovin
- 1 April 1861-26 December 1861 Colonel Lord James Murray
- 26 December 1861-1 June 1867 Colonel Francis Seymour
- 30 July 1866-22 January 1901 Lieutenant Walter George Stirling
- 24 February 1876-10 July 1890 Lieutenant General Francis Seymour
- 21 December 1877-11 March 1881 Lieutenant Colonel William Cavendish
- 23 October 1878-22 March 1880 Captain Fleetwood Edwards
- 29 December 1882-14 December 1888 Colonel George Liddell
- 13 April 1884-30 June 1884 Alexander Grantham Yorke
- 15 March 1888-22 January 1901 Major-General Thomas Dennehy
- 23 June 1891-31 December 1891 Admiral Sir John Edmund Commerell
- 31 December 1891-15 January 1896 Admiral Lord Frederick Kerr
- 16 December 1895-22 January 1901 General Sir Michael Biddulph
Edward VII (1901–1910)
In OrdinaryExtra
- 23 July 1901-6 May 1910 The Hon. Alexander Grantham Yorke
- 23 July 1901-6 May 1910 Major-General Sir Thomas Dennehy
- 23 July 1901-1 April 1909 Sir Maurice Holzmann
- 23 July 1901-23 July 1905 General Sir Michael Biddulph
- 23 October 1905-6 May 1910 Admiral Sir John Fullerton
- 25 June 1909-6 May 1910 Sir Donald Mackenzie Wallace
George V (1910–1936)
In OrdinaryExtra
- 10 June 1910-10 January 1919 Sir Donald Mackenzie Wallace
- 10 June 1910-29 June 1918 Admiral Sir John Fullerton
- 14 April 1916-17 April 1919 Sir Walter Campbell
- 1 May 1924-20 January 1936 Montague Eliot
- 9 June 1931-20 January 1936 Sir Harry Lloyd Verney
Edward VIII (1936)
In OrdinaryNo ordinary grooms-in-waiting were appointed to attend Edward VIII during his reign as King-Emperor.
Extra
- 21 July 1936-11 December 1936 Montague Eliot
- 21 July 1936-11 December 1936 Sir Harry Lloyd Verney
- 21 July 1936-11 December 1936 Sir Harry Stonor
- 21 July 1936-11 December 1936 Major Sir Philip Hunloke
- 21 July 1936-11 December 1936 Colonel Sir Victor Mackenzie, 3rd Baronet
George VI (1936–1952)
In Ordinary- 2 March 1937-11 December 1945 Rear-Admiral Sir Basil Vernon Brooke
- 2 March 1937-3 August 1937 Commander Sir Harold George Campbell
- 2 March 1937-6 February 1952 Arthur Horace Penn, Esq.
- 2 March 1937-30 January 1942 Colonel Sir George Sidney Herbert, Bart.
- 3 August 1937-6 February 1952 Captain Richard John Streatfeild
- 3 August 1937-6 February 1952 Brigadier-General George Paynter
- 2 March 1937-6 February 1952 Montague Eliot
- 2 March 1937-28 February 1950 Sir Harry Lloyd Verney
- 2 March 1937-5 May 1939 Sir Harry Stonor
- 2 March 1937-1 April 1947 Major Sir Philip Hunloke
- 2 March 1937-18 April 1944 Colonel Sir Victor Mackenzie, Bart.
- 3 August 1937-27 November 1951 Sir Frank Herbert Mitchell
Elizabeth II (1952–2022 )
In Ordinary- 5 August 1952-30 December 1960 Sir Arthur Horace Penn
- 5 August 1952-19 September 1960 Montague Eliot, 8th Earl of St Germans