Green-tailed trainbearer
The green-tailed trainbearer is a species of hummingbird in the "coquettes", tribe Lesbiini of subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and possibly Venezuela.
Taxonomy and systematics
The taxonomy of the green-tailed trainbearer is not settled. The International Ornithological Committee recognizes these six subspecies:- L. n. gouldii Loddiges
- L. n. gracilis Gould
- L. n. aureliae Weller & Schuchmann
- L. n. pallidiventris Simon
- L. n. huallagae Weller & Schuchmann
- L. n. nuna Lesson
Though the green-tailed trainbearer shares its genus with the black-tailed trainbearer, they might not be especially closely related. All of the subspecies except the nominate have at various times been suggested as separate species. Two additional subspecies have been proposed as well, but the weight of evidence is that they are hybrids of the two trainbearers.
Description
The male green-tailed trainbearer is long including the long tail. Females are about long including their long tail. The species weighs. It has a short, straight, black bill. Males of the nominate subspecies are almost entirely glittering emerald green; the throat is iridescent emerald green and the lower belly grayish with green dots. Its tail is long, forked, and black with green tips to the feathers. The nominate female is similar but has white underparts with glittering green spots and a shorter tail. Juveniles are similar to the adult female but the male in addition has green spots on the throat.Males of subspecies L. n. gouldii are similar to the nominate but smaller, with a shorter bill and more green on the tail. L. n. gracilis is also similar to the nominate but has a shorter and thicker bill and buffy undertail coverts with green spots. L. n. pallidiventris has a longer bill than the two subspecies above and has paler and less blue-green upperparts than the nominate. L. n. huallagae has a longer bill than pallidiventris that is still shorter than the nominate's; its plumage is somewhat bronzy green and the belly is paler than the nominate's. L. n. aureliaes plumage is rich golden bronze and it has a creamy buff belly.
Distribution and habitat
The six subspecies recognized by the IOC are found thus:- L. n. gouldii, the Eastern Andes of northeastern Colombia and the Central Andes of southern Colombia
- L. n. gracilis, the Andes of northern and central Ecuador
- L. n. aureliae, the Andes of southeastern Ecuador from Azuay Province to Loja Province
- L. n. pallidiventris, the Andes of northern and central Peru from eastern Department of Piura to western Department of Huánuco
- L. n. huallagae, the valley of the Huallaga River in central Huánuco, Peru
- L. n. nuna, the Andes of southwestern Peru and northern Bolivia
An old record of L. n. gouldii from Venezuela has been questioned on several grounds and the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society does not include that country in the species' range. The IOC includes Venezuela with a question mark and the Clements taxonomy notes the one old record.
The green-tailed trainbearer mostly inhabits secondary woodland and brushy slopes but also occurs in Polylepis woodland and páramo. In elevation it ranges from.