Grapholita
Grapholita is a large genus of tortrix moths. It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.
Taxonomy and systematics
Georg Friedrich Treitschke established Grapholita in 1829 - in the 7th volume of Schmetterlinge von Europa, with a type species he claimed to be "Pyralis dorsana", a taxon established by Johan Christian Fabricius in his 1775 Systema Entomologiae. But Treitschke was misled by Jacob Hübner's misidentification of Fabricius' moth.
The actual P. dorsana is today known as Dichrorampha petiverella, as it had already been described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 edition of Systema Naturae as Phalaena ''petiverella. The "Pyralis dorsana" of Hübner and Treitschke was subsequently identified as the species described as Tortrix lunulana by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775, which thus is today Grapholita lunulana''.
Species
Grapholita currently has 126 recognised species, though the genus' distinctness from and delimitation against Cydia is in need of further study:Grapholita amictana Grapholita amphitorna Grapholita andabatana Grapholita angleseana Grapholita antitheta Grapholita arcia Diakonoff, 1988Grapholita arcuatana Kuznetzov, 1992Grapholita astrapephora Diakonoff, 1976Grapholita aureolana Tengstrom, 1848Grapholita auroscriptana Caradja, 1916Grapholita bigeminata Grapholita biserialis Grapholita boulderana McDunnough, 1942Grapholita caecana Schläger, 1848Grapholita caeruleana Walsingham, 1879Grapholita callisphena Grapholita caudicula Diakonoff, 1975Grapholita cerasivora Grapholita chrysacrotoma Diakonoff, 1976Grapholita comanticosta Kuznetzov, 1988Grapholita compositella - clover seed mothGrapholita conficitana Grapholita conversana Walsingham, 1879Grapholita coronillana Lienig & Zeller, 1846Grapholita cotoneastri Danilevsky in Danilevsky & Kuznetsov, 1968Grapholita curviphalla Liu & Yan, 1998Grapholita cyanogona Grapholita dactyla Liu & Yan, 1998Grapholita decolorana Walker, 1863 Grapholita delineana Walker, 1863Grapholita diaphorotorna Diakonoff, 1983Grapholita difficilana Grapholita dilectabilis Kuznetzov, 1972Grapholita dimorpha Komai, 1979Grapholita discretana Wocke in Staudinger & Wocke, 1861Grapholita dohrniana Zeller, 1863Grapholita dyarana Grapholita dysaethria Diakonoff, 1982Grapholita eclipsana Zeller, 1875Grapholita edwardsiana Grapholita endrosias Grapholita exigua Kuznetzov, 1972Grapholita fana Grapholita fimana Snellen, 1883Grapholita fissana Grapholita fistularis Grapholita floricolana Grapholita funebrana - plum fruit mothGrapholita geministriata Grapholita gemmiferana Treitschke, 1835Grapholita globella Liu & Yan, 1998Grapholita globovalva Liu & Yan, 1998Grapholita glycyrrhizana Grapholita gypsothicta Grapholita hamatana Kennel, 1901Grapholita heptatoma Diakonoff, 1976Grapholita hieroglyphana Blanchard & Knudson, 1984Grapholita hyalitis Grapholita hylophanes Grapholita hymenosa Razowski, 2013Grapholita imitativa Heinrich, 1926Grapholita inopinata Heinrich, 1928Grapholita internanaGrapholita interstinctana Grapholita iridescens Grapholita isacma Grapholita janthinana Grapholita jesonica Grapholita jucundata Kuznetzov, 1971Grapholita junctistrigana Grapholita jungiellaGrapholita komaii Rose & Pooni, 2003Grapholita kurilana Kuznetzov, 1976Grapholita lana Grapholita larseni Rebel, 1903Grapholita latens Kuznetzov, 1972Grapholita latericia Komai, 1999Grapholita lathyrana Grapholita libertina Heinrich, 1926Grapholita limbata Diakonoff, 1969Grapholita lobarzewskii Grapholita lunatana Walsingham, 1879Grapholita lunulana Grapholita macrodrilus Diakonoff, 1984Grapholita melicrossis Grapholita mesoscia Diakonoff, 1969Grapholita miranda Grapholita molesta - Oriental fruit moth, peach mothGrapholita namatophora Diakonoff, 1976Grapholita nebritana Treitschke in Ochsenheimer, 1830Grapholita nigrostriana Snellen, 1883Grapholita nucleana Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875Grapholita obliqua Diakonoff, 1982Grapholita okui Komai, 1999Grapholita omittana Kuznetzov, 1988Grapholita optica Grapholita opulentica Kuznetzov, 1992Grapholita orbiapex Kuznetzov, 1988Grapholita orobana Treitschke in Ochsenheimer, 1830Grapholita packardi Zeller, 1875Grapholita pagenstecheri Bradley, 1961Grapholita pallifrontanaGrapholita parvisignana Grapholita patens Kuznetzov, 1971Grapholita pavonana Grapholita prolopha Grapholita prunivora Grapholita pycnograpta Grapholita rhabdotacra Diakonoff, 1969Grapholita rosana Danilevsky in Danilevsky & Kuznetsov, 1968Grapholita schizodelta Diakonoff, 1982Grapholita scintillana Christoph, 1882Grapholita seclusana Grapholita semifusca Kuznetzov in Danilevsky & Kuznetsov, 1968Grapholita shadawana Liu & Chen, 2000Grapholita siderocosma Diakonoff, 1978Grapholita sporosema Grapholita steringus Diakonoff, 1983Grapholita tenebrosana Duponchel in Godart, 1842Grapholita tetrazancla Grapholita thermopsidis Eiseman & Austin, 2020Grapholita tornosticha Grapholita torodetta Grapholita tricyanitis Dianokoff, 1976Grapholita tristriatana Pagenstecher, 1900Grapholita tristrigana Grapholita valens Kuznetzov, 1988Grapholita vitrana Walsingham, 1879Grapholita yasudai Komai, 1999Grapholita zapyrana Grapholita zariae Razowski, 2013
Synonyms
Obsolete scientific names of Grapholita are:Aspila Stephens, 1834Coptoloma Lederer, 1859Ebisma Walker, 1866Endopisa Guenée, 1845Endopsia Endopiza Ephippiophora Ephippiphora Duponchel, 1834Eudopisa Euspila Stephens, 1834Grapholitha Treitschke, 1830 Grapholltha Opadia Guenée, 1845Stigmonota Guenée, 1845