Gradungulidae
Gradungulidae, also known as large-clawed spiders, is a spider family endemic to Australia and New Zealand. They are medium to large-sized haplogyne spiders with three claws and two pairs of book-lungs similar to Mygalomorphae.
Some species build extensive webs with an upper retreat tangle and connecting threads to scaffolding. This supports the ladder-like catching platform that is glued to the ground.
Hickmania, Progradungula, and Macrogradungula are the only cribellate genera of the family.
Species
, this family includes eight genera and eighteen species:Gradungula Gertsch, 1958Gradungula sorenseni Forster, 1955 — New Zealand
Hickmania Forster, 1955Hickmania troglodytes — Tasmania
Kaiya Gray, 1987Kaiya bemboka Gray, 1987 — New South WalesKaiya brindabella — Australian Capital TerritoryKaiya parnabyi Gray, 1987 — VictoriaKaiya terama Gray, 1987 — New South Wales
Macrogradungula Gray, 1987Macrogradungula moonya Gray, 1987 — Queensland
Pianoa Forster, 1987Pianoa isolata Forster, 1987 — New Zealand
Progradungula Forster & Gray, 1979Progradungula barringtonensis Michalik & Smith, 2024 – Australia Progradungula carraiensis Forster & Gray, 1979 – Australia Progradungula otwayensis Milledge, 1997 – Australia
Spelungula Forster, 1987Spelungula cavernicola Forster, 1987 — New Zealand
Tarlina Gray, 1987Tarlina daviesae Gray, 1987 — QueenslandTarlina milledgei Gray, 1987 — New South WalesTarlina noorundi Gray, 1987 — New South WalesTarlina simipes Gray, 1987 — QueenslandTarlina smithersi Gray, 1987 — New South WalesTarlina woodwardi — Queensland