German designations of foreign artillery in World War II


During World War II, Germany maintained comprehensive lists of enemy weapons which were given designations in German in a system that matched that of German weapons. When these weapons were captured and put into use with German forces, they were referred to by these designations.

Background

Before the war began, the German armed forces Heereswaffenamt compiled a list of known foreign equipment and assigned a unique number to each weapon. These weapons were called Fremdgerät or Beutegerät and their technical details were recorded in a fourteen-volume set that was periodically updated. The Germans also captured large amounts of foreign equipment during WWII that they tested and cataloged using the same system. The Germans sometimes referred to these weapons as Kriegsbeute and the Fremdgerät numbers are sometimes referred to as Beutenummern. See also Glossary of German military terms.
VolumesGermanContent
D.50/1HandwaffenPistols, rifles and sub-machine guns
D.50/2MaschinengewehreLight and heavy machine guns
D.50/3WerferMortars
D.50/4Leichte GeschützeLight artillery
D.50/5Schwere GeschützeHeavy artillery
D.50/6Schwerste GeschützeSiege and railway artillery
D.50/12KraftfahrzeugeVehicles
D.50/14PioniergeräteEngineering equipment and explosives

Designation format

The format for these designations is made up of the following elements:
  • Calibre expressed in centimetres
  • The type of weapon
  • A model number or year
  • In the absence of a model or year number, a unique number was assigned.
  • A subvariant is indicated with a number after a "/".
  • A letter indicating the national origin of the weapon.
As an example, "9 cm Flak M12 " is a Czechoslovak 90mm anti-aircraft gun Model 12.
Letter codeGermanEnglish
AmerikanischAmerican
BelgischBelgian
DänischDanish
EnglischEnglish
FranzösischFrench
GriechischGreek
HolländischDutch
ItalienischItalian
JugoslawischYugoslavian
NorwegischNorwegian
ÖsterreichischAustrian
PolnischPolish
RussischRussian
SchweizerischSwiss
TschechischCzechoslovak
UngarischHungarian

German artillery types

Short
designation
Full
designation
English
K.KanoneGun/Cannon
s. K. / s.K.schwere KanoneHeavy Gun/Cannon
KH.KanonenhaubitzeGun-howitzer
K. auf Sfl.Kanone auf SelbstfahrlafetteGun on self-propelled mount
Kst.K.KüstenkanoneCoastal cannon

Short
designation
Full
designation
English
H.HaubitzeHowitzer
s.H.schwere HaubitzeHeavy howitzer
Mrs.MörserHeavy mortar
kz. Mrs.kurze MörserShort heavy mortar
Mrs. auf Sfl.Mörser auf SelbstfahrlafetteHeavy mortar
on self-propelled mount
Kst.Mrs.KüstenmörserCoastal heavy mortar

Short
designation
Full
designation
English
FK.FeldkanoneField gun
le.FK.leichte FeldkanoneLight field gun
le.FH.leichte FeldhaubitzeLight field howitzer
s.FH.schwere FeldhaubitzeHeavy field howitzer

Short
designation
Full
designation
English
K.Kanone Railroad gun
K.-Gl.-Kanone
in Gleitlafette
Railroad gun
K.-W.-Kanone
in Wiegenlafette
Railroad gun
Kst.K.Küstenkanone Coastal defense
railroad gun
H.Haubitze Railroad howitzer

Short
designation
Full
designation
English
GrWGranatwerferMortar
Fest.GrWFestungsgranatwerferFortress mortar
Grb.GrWGrabengranatenwerferTrench mortar
Geb.GrWGebirgsgranatwerferMountain mortar
Sp.GrWSpatengranatwerfer Spade mortar
MnWMinenwerferMortar
NbWNebelwerferSmoke mortar
Kw.NbWKampfwagennebelwerferTank smoke mortar
Br.KgWBrandkugelwerferAmpoule thrower

Short
designation
Full
designation
English
Geb.K.GebirgskanoneMountain gun
Geb.H.GebirgshaubitzeMountain howitzer
le.Geb.H. leichte GebirgshaubitzeLight mountain howitzer

Short
designation
Full
designation
English
FlaKFlugabwehrkanoneAnti-aircraft gun
PaK
Fest.PaK

Panzerabwehrkanone
Festungspanzerabwehrkanone

Anti-tank cannon
Fortress
anti-tank cannon
KwK
KwK
auf Kas.Laf.
Kampfwagenkanone
Kampfwagenkanone
auf Kasematelafette
Tank cannon
Casemate gun
SK
Schnelladekanone
in Drehscheibenlafette
Quick-loading naval cannon
in turntable mount
IG.
IK.
IKH.
Infanteriegeschütz
Infanteriekanone
Infanteriekanonehaubitze
Infantry gun
Infantry gun
Infantry gun-howitzer

Sort by Letter Code/Country

(i)/Italy

Other howitzers

Note: This is a general desgination to a variety of howitzer; except for infantry, mountain, and field howitzers.

Mortars

Without number designation

Short
Designation
WeaponCal.
ImageNotes
8.14 cm
GrW 33
Brandt Mle 27/318.14
4.6 cm
GrW 36
Granatnik wz.364.6
8.14 cm
GrW 31
wz. 318.14
14 cm
MnW 18
14 cm hrubý minomet
vz. 18
14
8 cm
GrW M.36
8 cm minomet vz. 368