Futuh al-Haramayn


Futuh al-Haramayn is considered the first Islamic guidebook for pilgrimage. It was written by Muhi al-Din Lari and completed in India in 1505–6. The book was dedicated to Muzaffar ibn Mahmudshah, the ruler of Gujarat. No early illustrated Indian copies are known, but later in the 16th century it was widely copied in Ottoman Turkey. The book describes the full rituals of the Hajj in order, and describes the religious sites one can visit.

Manuscripts

More than twenty manuscripts of the Futuh are known to exist.
InstitutionInventory numberOriginDateSizeNotes
Chester Beatty LibraryPer 192Iran1525-1550
National Museum, New Delhi55.73/1357Gujarat1548
Topkapı Saray MuseumR. 916circa 1550
Topkapı Saray MuseumR. 917Turkeycirca 1550
Metropolitan Museum of Art32.131Turkeymid 16th century
Metropolitan Museum of Art2009.343Bukhara16th century
Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of PilgrimageMSS 1038Mecca158242 folios
Chester Beatty LibraryPer 245Mecca1595
Chester Beatty LibraryPer 249Meccalate 16th century
Royal Ontario Museum967.270Meccaearly 17th century
Bibliothèque nationale de FrancePersan 237Meccaundated, attributed to early 17th century
British LibraryOr 343Iran17th century41 folios
Metropolitan Museum of Art2008.251India1678
Bibliothèque nationale de FranceSP 134018th century20 folios
Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of PilgrimageMSS 1274India18th – early 19th century40 folios
Leiden University LibraryOr. 14.620undated45 folios